man, far from the church, in the phrase "chetya Menaion" is not clear neither the first nor the second word.As a noun is "Menaion" with it and have to start an explanation.Church and liturgical book, which includes all services of the annual circle, called "Menaion."12 months a year, and it consists of 12 books (complete).The name is borrowed from the Greek language and means "monthly» - mhnaion (mhn - month).In each book is the text for a month in order of church services a day range: evening (according to Moses, the day begins in the evening) - the ninth hour, Vespers, Compline, and so on. E., To the liturgy.
difference from Saints
«Chetya Menaion" existing alongside the above liturgical books, does not apply to this type of book, but rather to the church, and contains the Lives of the Saints, located also on the month and month - by day.These texts are read in vnebogosluzhebnoe time.And the name is translated "chetya Menaion" consisting of the Old Slavonic and Greek words as "monthly reading," which contains information for the huge hagiography - the science that studies the lives of the saints.There is also a teacher and church-material, which was the main reading in ancient Russia.Great Lives Saints Metropolitan Macarius were a kind of code of Rus literature, as evidenced by himself: "Collect all the books ruskyya earth."
to read and write in ancient times
first book in Russia belong to the X century.This period is called "domongolskay."In the XII century manuscript known as the "collection of the Assumption" is the "Life of Theodosius of the Caves" and "The Tale of Boris and Gleb."They formed what might well be perceived as chetya Menaion May.But these narratives are not included in the collections of the church, consisting entirely of the transfer material.Some attempts to rework these books for reading taken at different times, for example, in the XV century, but few concrete examples.
literary feat Macarius
But in the XVI century the aforementioned Great menology Macarius.In addition to these translated texts are a kind of supporting materials - patristic teachings and Apocrypha, sometimes very voluminous.They are usually held in conjunction to the days of the memory of a saint.Chetya Menaion Moscow Cathedral of the Assumption, one of four known to date - the only fully preserved.It is kept in the library of the Synodal Cathedral.Lives of the Saints The other three are incomplete lists.For Ivan the Terrible was written by Mina, which is not enough of March and April.The other two - the lists of the Chudov Monastery and the Sofia Library.This list only 4 representing Great menology Novgorod Archbishop Makarios, later Metropolitan of Moscow, have survived.
Other ascetic in this field
Later, in the XVII century church continued efforts to write books for vnebogosluzhebnogo reading.So, Milutin M. spiritually erudite literary magazine "Readings in the Society of Lovers of spiritual enlightenment," which came out until 1871, meticulously describes menology priest of Christ Church of St. John Milutin, which he wrote together with his three sons from 1646 to 1654 years.They are stored in the Moscow Synodal Library.Considers Milutin M. and Jerome menology Trinity-Sergius Monastery, a professional scribe and the scribe Herman Tulupova, written in 1627-1632, respectively, and stored in the library of St.
Well-known spiritual writer
Particularly noteworthy menology Dmitri of Rostov, which are multi-volume work, "The Book of Lives of the Saints," which was published in fragments, quarters 1689 and 1705.The primary source for the book of St. Dmitry was, of course, menology Makarios and "Acts of the Saints," published by the Congregation for Catholic Bollandists, consisting mainly of scholars Jesuit monks.The name of the organization received the name of its founder, Jean Bolland.That is, the writings formed the basis of the "Book of Lives of the Saints" were the most serious and menology Metropolitan Dmitry Rostovsky turned out great.During this spiritual writer and preacher, bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church in the world Danilo Tuptalo Savitch, in 1757 was glorified among the saints of the Russian Orthodox Church.And after his death, the main work of the whole life of St. Dmitri of Rostov ball supplemented description of his own life.Feast day of St. - 21 September.The book was reprinted several times and are always in great demand among the faithful.The popularity of the author is that the legend that if a believer asks for protection from Dmitry Rostovsky, it will protect all the saints, whose biography he gave strength and knowledge.
