labor created man.Maybe someone does not agree with this, calling this statement is irrelevant and materialistic, but to challenge the truth of that work plays in our lives one of the leading, dominant role, it is difficult.Some people in employment sees a way for self-assertion and career development, others work for the money and a better life, others see the work opportunity for self-expression and self-improvement.Finally, work in a team - it is a way of socialization and of "survival" in the modern world.
So as work takes a very big part of our lives, it is important to its direction, organization and structure match the psychological characteristics of the personality, character, temperament and level of claims, finally.In addition, a very important issue is the proper organization of labor and workplace design that has a major impact on improving productivity and lowering energy and labor costs.These issues are handled by a separate branch of psychology that studies the psychological aspects of the work and the person's attitude toward labor.The subject of the psychology of work - a person in the employment conditions of its emergence as a professional, motivation and adaptation to work, vocational guidance and psychological characteristics are disclosed in the various fields of activity.
This direction in psychology emerged in the early XX century, when the rapid growth of industrial production require an increase in productivity and labor intensity.Some owners of factories and plants did this by extending working hours and increasing the amount of work, while others reflect on alternative ways to create a more comfortable environment, the scientific organization of activities, training of the employees, the introduction of various social stimuli.It has given results and productivity in these enterprises has increased significantly.It became clear that the psychology and work - two concepts that are closely related to each other.
Work Psychology has several directions.One of them is related to the career-oriented selection.Each person has a set of individual characteristics, professional abilities, which show his penchant for a particular activity.To identify these skills and help a person to choose a profession, developed special tests.
Psychology of work also deals with the study of various external conditions affecting human performance: the intensity and duration of the work, its monotony and severity, mode of employment.Special techniques developed by specialists, psychologists, measure the degree of fatigue and decreased performance, which helps to create optimal working conditions.This area of science is closely related to the physiological characteristics of a person.Another important task is the psychology of work safety.The study of the psychological causes of accidents in manufacturing helps in the development of specific tools and recommendations, as well as the systems of training and exercises, developing psychological qualities of employees and helps to prevent emergencies in the emergency hazardous enterprises.
Psychology of work also deals with the isolation and study of psychological characteristics required for a particular profession.A qualitative description of the important features of a professional called professiogram.Its preparation is administered by another branch of science - psychology professions.
Work Psychology, as well as the psychology of management, are a very important subject for the study of not only specialists, psychologists, but also heads of the enterprises, in order to increase the efficiency of their staff, as well as school teachers, who have to help their students in determining their future profession andKnow how to identify their professional inclinations.
