Natural phenomena - are common, sometimes even supernatural climatic and meteorological events that occur naturally in all parts of the world.It may be familiar from childhood snow or rain, and can be - an incredible destructive volcanic eruption or an earthquake.If such events are held on the side of the person and not causing him material damage, they are not important.Nobody sharpen this focus.Otherwise, natural hazards are considered mankind as natural disasters.
Research and observation
characteristic natural phenomena people have begun to study in ancient times.However, systematize these observations was only in the 17th century, even formed a separate branch of science (science) student event data.However, despite the many scientific discoveries, and to this day some of the natural phenomena and processes are poorly understood.Most often we see the consequence of a particular event, but the root causes can only guess and construct various theories.Researchers from many countries are working on the preparation of forecasts, appearance, and most importantly, to prevent their possible appearance or at least reduce the damage caused by natural phenomena.And yet, despite all the destructive power of such processes, the man is always a man and trying to find something in this beautiful, sublime.What is most fascinating natural phenomenon?They can be a long list, but perhaps it should be noted, such as a volcanic eruption, tornado, tsunami, - all of them are beautiful, despite the destruction and chaos that remain after them.
weather phenomena of nature
Natural phenomena characterize the weather with its seasonal changes.Each season is characterized by its complex events.For example, in the spring of the following weather phenomena are observed: snowmelt, floods, storms, clouds, wind, rain.The summer sun brings plenty of heat the planet, the natural processes at this time the most favorable: clouds, warm wind, rain and, of course, the rainbow;but can be severe: thunderstorms, hail.In autumn weather conditions are changing, the temperature drops, the days are overcast with rain.During this period, dominated by the following phenomena: fog, falling leaves, frost, first snow.In winter, the plant world falls asleep, some animals are immersed in hibernation.The most common natural phenomena are: freezing, blizzard, blizzard, snow, the windows appear frost.
All these events are commonplace for us, we are no longer paying attention.Now let's look at the processes that remind humanity that it is not just the crown, and the planet Earth is only sheltered him at his for a while.
Natural hazards
This extreme and harsh climatic and meteorological processes that occur in all parts of the world, but some regions are considered to be more vulnerable to certain kinds of events compared to the other.Disaster natural phenomena into a class of disasters when infrastructure is destroyed and people die.These losses are the main obstacles to the development of mankind.Prevent such disasters is almost impossible, there is only the timely forecasting of events in order to prevent casualties and material damage.
However, the difficulty lies in the fact that the disaster natural phenomena can take place at different scales and in different times.In fact, each of them unique in their own way, and therefore it is very difficult to predict.For example, flash floods and tornadoes are destructive, though, but short-lived phenomenon, affecting a relatively small area.Other hazardous disasters such as drought, may be very slow to develop, however, affect the entire continent and the entire population.Such disasters last for several months, and sometimes years.In order to monitor and predict these events in some of the national hydrological and meteorological services and special centers of expertise tasked with investigating geophysical hazards.These include volcanic eruptions, the transfer of the ashes in the air, tsunamis, radioactive, biological, chemical pollution, and so on. D.
Now let's look a little more detail some of the natural phenomena.
Drought
main cause of this disaster is the lack of rainfall.Drought differs from other natural disasters to its slow development, its onset is often concealed by various factors.In the history of the world even been cases when this disaster lasted for many years.Drought often has dire consequences: first dry up sources of water (streams, rivers, lakes, springs), it ceases to grow many crops, and then killed the animals become widespread realities of poor health and malnutrition.
Tropical cyclones
These natural phenomena are areas of very low atmospheric pressure over tropical and subtropical waters, forming colossal rotating system of thunderstorms and winds up to hundreds (sometimes thousands) of kilometers across.Surface wind speed in the area of tropical cyclone may reach two hundred kilometers per hour or more.Interaction of low pressure caused by the wind and the waves often leads to a coastal storm surge - a huge amount of water thrown on the shore with tremendous power and high speed, which are all washed away in its path.
air pollution
These natural phenomena are the result of accumulation in the air of harmful gases or particulate matter resulting from disasters (volcanic eruptions, fires) and human activity (work of industrial enterprises, transport, and others.).Haze and smoke appear as a result of fires in wildland and forest areas, and the burning of crop residues and logging;moreover, due to the formation of volcanic ash.These polluting elements have very serious consequences for the human body.As a result of such disasters is reduced visibility, there are disruptions in road and air transport.
Desert locusts
Such natural phenomena cause serious damage in Asia, the Middle East, in Africa and in the southern part of the European continent.When environmental and weather conditions favor the reproduction of these insects, they focus, usually in small areas.However, with increasing numbers of locusts ceases to be an individual being and is transformed into a single living organism.Because of the small groups formed huge flocks moving in search of food.The length of the jamb can be up to tens of kilometers.During the day it can cover distances of up to two hundred kilometers, sweeping away all the vegetation in their path.For example, one ton of locusts (a small part of the pack) per day can eat as much food as eaten by ten elephants or 2,500 people.These insects pose a threat to millions of pastoralists and farmers living in already fragile environments.
flash floods and floods
These natural phenomena of nature can occur anywhere after heavy rainfall.Any floodplains are vulnerable to flooding and severe storms caused flash floods.In addition, short-term floods sometimes occur after periods of drought, when very heavy rains fall on a hard, dry surface, through which the water stream can not seep into the ground.These natural events are characterized by a wide variety of species, from the tumultuous flood of small and up to a powerful layer of water that covers vast areas.They can be caused by tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, monsoons, tropical cyclones and extra-tropical (their strength can be increased by the impact of the warm El Niño), melting snow and ice jams.In coastal areas as a result of the tsunami, cyclone or raise the level of water in rivers due to an unusually high tide storm surges often lead to flooding.The cause of the flooding of vast areas, below the barrier dam, often the high water in the rivers, which is caused by melting snow.
other natural hazards
1. A mud (mud) flow or landslide.
2. Avalanche.
3. The sand / dust storms.
4. Thunderstorms.
5. Lightning.
6. Extreme temperatures.
7. Tornado.
8. hail storms.
9. freezing rain.
10. Fires wildland or forest.
11. Heavy snow and rain.
12. Strong winds.
13. Heat waves.
