Tithing advocated a measure of the land, which has a rectangular shape of a parallelogram with two versions of its sides:
- 80 and 30 fathoms - "thirty";
- 60 and 40 fathoms - "sorokovke."
She was given the name of "the breech tithe" and make the basic measure of the Russian land.
interpretation of the concept
Tithing - a Russian unit in ancient times in relation to land area, which has been equated to 2,400 square fathoms (about 1.09 acres) and was used in Russia before the introduction of a special metric.
also worth to define the term "fathom" - Russian measure of length, which is determined by the average size of the human body.For example, small sazhen - from the shoulder to the floor, and oblique - from the inner side of the foot of the left leg to the top of the raised finger of the right hand.
facts from the history of this concept regards
known that at the end of the XV century the land area it was decided to measure the two quarters.Acres of land are such a geometric shape like a square with sides equal to 1/10 of a mile (2500 sq. Yards).In accordance with the instructions landmark dating back to the year 1753, its size was equated to 2,400 square fathoms (1.0925 hectares).
Typology old Russian measure of land
During the late XVIII - early XX centuries.also used the tithe, the area of which was represented by its varieties such as:
- Bias - 80 for 40 yards (3,200 squares).
- Round - 60 to 60 fathoms (3,600 squares).
- hundreds - 100 100 fathoms (10,000 squares).
- melons - 80 to 10 fathoms (800 squares) and others.
Then, at the end of the October Revolution, in view of the transition to the metric system, according to the decree of the SNK of the RSFSR, dated September 14, 1918, the measure was limited in the use of the tithe, and sinceSeptember 1, 1927 banned all.
Together with her in the past and other common in those days Units:
- inch (0.045 m);
- yards (0.71 m);
- Milestone (1.06 km);
- seven feet (2.13 m).
is worth to remind that the tithe is the land has been translated into our unit 1.09 hectare.
Another aspect of the use of the concept
Tithing in Ancient Russia - it is also a kind of tax levied in favor of the clergy, government or religious community.For her collection at the departments of the bishops even had special official - desyatilnik.
At the time, the tithe - it is also a district of small size in the dioceses, which were administered in the above-mentioned officials, and then - at the priests' chiefs.Apart from these, in these districts after the Hundred Chapters of the cathedral there desyatskie priests performing some of the duties of the above-mentioned official.They chose in Moscow at the beginning of the XVIII century.
origin of the term under review
It is worth to remind that the tithe in ancient Rus' - a tribute that pays rusichi horde in the era of the Mongol-Tatar yoke.The control system in those days was provided such positions as foreman, centurion, thousands, Prince.And in this form it has existed for hundreds of years.As has become clear, this system has cognates - the foreman.This non-random time.
This word means an elective office, that is, choose one of the ten candidate familiar with each other, such as farmers.The man was busy settling various kinds of issues within the community and represented its interests within the village, and hundreds of tons. D. He was assisted by other members of the community - farmers.
This support was of a physical character - working extra time on the farm foreman and a kind of material - the transfer of part of their harvest.Thus, the tithe amounted to 1% or 10 working hours or harvested crops.It advocated the so-called mites, which enter each member of the community, except for the foreman, the common cause.
Material form of tithing
It could be fruits and grains, and vegetables, and wine, and, later, the animals that were regarded as a product of the land.I never considered the tribute did not act in the role of money as spelled out in the law of Moses, that it works on all land belongs to the Lord.The money is used exclusively for purchasing it in the city and never were equivalent substitute.
tithe - it was a tribute in the form of animals and the gifts of the earth.Nowhere is it stated in the scriptures, it may be notes or bank checks to be put on the tray of the church every week, as is the modern church institutions in the respective Councils.
Tithing: How much is
known that biblical texts Israel commanded to sacrifice tithes for seven years.It was divided into three types.According to the Old Testament, the first tithe passed the priests and Levites at the rate of 10 - 100% of the totality of the land for the first six-year cycle.
second - to give for the holidays and was 10 - 90% of the remainder of the tithes to the Levites after the transfer.It eats before the Lord.This tithe was separated at first, second, fourth and fifth year.The third - to give to the poor at a rate of 10 - 90%.Viewed kind of tribute postponed solely on the third and sixth year.None of her species are not tolerated on the seventh (Sabbath) year.
answer the question: "Tithing - is how much?" - A modern aspect it difficult even the church ministers.
history of tithing in Christianity
first heard about this concept from the Old Testament.It consisted of a mention in the context of the fact that all the gifts of the earth belong to God, and hold even the smallest part of it was seen as an act of stealing from God.No believer did not attend even the idea not to pay tithing.
In the era of the Old Testament there was no temple or church, which is why Noah, Abel and other believers carried a donation in favor of the tithes directly under the open sky.Permitted for each person you want to build a personal altar, where it was possible to bring tribute to God.
However, after some time, and the people the Lord has chosen certain people for worship and procedures for collecting tithes.All, without exception, we bring it to the period of the wanderings of Moses three times during the year.
Thus, the tithe - a kind of assistance temple, is to maintain its operations and service, which acted wages priests and their assistants, preaching both in homes and in the temple.
Such rites were carried out before the coming of Jesus Christ and his crucifixion on Calvary.After this kind of sacrifice was followed by the destruction of the temple in the Calvary, and some Christians have interpreted this as an abolition of the tithe.However, in the New Testament, we can see that it has not been canceled.Even in the absence of temples tithes were still to give, because it is a necessary tool for mundane existence as priests, and religion in general.It was not so much a means for life support, as a symbol of faith and obedience.
tithes collected for the priests and apostles, broadcasting his sermons in Jerusalem and around the world.To confirm the words of Jesus in relation to the continued existence of laws on its gathering, contained in the texts of the Old Testament, the adherents of Christianity provide an example of his speech: "I am not come to destroy, but to fulfill."
value of 10 in Christianity
It expresses a kind of perfection in relation to the divine order and serves the third number in the holy chain - 3, 7, 10. The number "ten" indicates no lack of that the full cycle is completed.And it is considered a tribute to express as much as necessary.
can emphasize the following points in sacred history, marked by the number 10, namely:
1. Ending the era of antiquity Noah was in the X century (Byt.5).
2. Ten basic commandments of the sacred in Christianity.
3. Lord's Prayer consists of ten main points.
4. The role of the tithe has been presented that a man must give to God.
5. redemption of the soul expressed in the 10-ger.(0.5 shekels).
6. Ten ulcers was presented a cycle of God's judgment upon Egypt (Iskh.9: 14).
7. The power of the Antichrist implied 10 kingdoms denominated ten horns of the fourth beast and the ten toes statue of Nebuchadnezzar.There were ten people, which will have to have Abraham by promise.
8. 10 covered covered the tabernacle (Iskh.26: 1).
9. Fire descended from heaven, exactly 10 times.
10. Ten virgins designed to express the completeness: the faithful and the infidels.
Thus, this number has been chosen by the Lord is not accidental, since, once again it is worth recalling, is the third in the conjugate with perfection.
Afterword
Summing up all the above, there are three basic definitions of the term under review, in particular:
1. Tithe church acted a tenth of the total revenue that is charged with a public church institutions.In ancient Rus' it was installed after the Holy Prince Vladimir the Great Baptism of Russia and is meant for the Kyiv Tithe church, and later acquired color universal tax levied respective religious organizations other than monasteries.
2. Tithe served the church district in Russia, a certain part of the diocese before the start of the XVIII century.At the head was a man occupying a specific position - the foreman.Its functions since the beginning of 1551 moved to the partially desyatskim priests and priestly elders.
3. acres of land - Old Russian measure of land area.Since the end of the XV century, it was originally calculated in two quarters and had the appearance of a square whose sides are equal to 0.1 mile (2500 sq. Yards).Subsequently, in accordance with the instructions landmark dating back to 1753 year, the measure in question was equal to the land of 2400 square fathoms (1.0925 hectares).
As for the modern perception of the Biblical law regarding tithing, then every believer decides for himself, it is worth it to give a tribute to the above consideration or not and to what extent.
