What is the Lorentz force?Imagine a kind of environment that permeates the electromagnetic field lines.If you place in this field any electric charge (this can be as elementary particles and charged body), then it will be affected F, is called "Lorentz force".One of the key moments - is the presence of a particle acceleration.In other words, the charge is movable.There is a formula for the numerical determination of its actual value:
F = Q * (E + ((1 / c) * v) * B),
where Q - the charge;E - electric field;B - magnetic field strength;v - velocity of the particle carrying the charge;c - constant speed of light.
This is only one of the representations.There is a more complex writing it, allows you to determine what is the Lorentz force, direction vectors and their capabilities are also included.
As already mentioned (and can be seen from the formula), it is imperative motion.The fact is that when the charge due to its interaction with the field occurs emf (electromotive force).And it does not matter what the nature of the impact of initiating movement (the gravitational action of the charges against each other and so forth.).
Compared with other actions, the Lorentz force is directly correlated with the findings of Lenz and subject to its rules.We recall the essence of the latter.The action exerted by the electromotive force in the charge across the field, always oriented in this manner (this is a vector quantity) to prevent any changes in acceleration.
can say that the Lorentz force is determined by Coulomb interaction of charges and two additional components associated with movement - the impact of the magnetic force and the electric field.Usually explanation of the processes using the following model: in a magnetic field with induction B vectors there is a segment of the conductor of length L and cross-sectional area S, in which electric current flows I. Recent directly depends on the number of charge carriers Q, passing through the unit volume over time (i.e., with velocity v).Hence, the required force (Lorentz) is the ratio of the external forces acting on each charge carrier in this volume guide to the amount of the charge.
If we consider the vector value, the Lorentz force is always directed perpendicular to the direction and speed of induction.It can be very easy to determine its orientation, if we use the well-known left-hand rule.To do this, mentally his left hand placed next to the conductor so that the four fingers show the direction in which electric current flows, and the induction vector of the field was directed perpendicular to the palm.As a result, the thumb (a right angle with the rest) will point to the force vector has an effect on the charges.One of the features of this force is that it only changes the direction of the velocity vector of each of the charged particles, while not changing the energy of motion (kinetic energy).
later time after the opening has been found and the use of the Lorentz force.One of the most famous - is a manifestation of it in the Hall effect.It is thanks to her this phenomenon is a shift of the charges and the emergence of potential on the conductive plate (tape).The Hall effect is widely used in various measuring devices and sensors.Also worth noting is the principle of operation CRT CRT, which used a deflecting effect of the magnetic field on a moving charged particles emitted by the electrodes ("cannon") to cover the phosphor surface of the electrons are deflected in points with known coordinates just by interaction lines of the field intensity and charge of moving particles.
