the embodiment and its origin are the following types of attention: voluntary and involuntary.
second type is considered the easiest and most genetically source.It is also called internally, passive, due to the fact that there is this attention and maintained regardless of the goals that stand before man.In such cases, the activity of the individual captures in itself due to its surprise and excitement.This man unwittingly falls under the influence of events, objects or activities.For example, doing something, a person can escape to hear interesting news on the radio.
Formation of involuntary attention is associated with different causes, psychological and psycho-physiological nature.Specialists conventionally divide them into categories.
The first group includes the quality and nature of the stimulus in the first place, its intensity and strength.Any severe irritation: pungent odor, bright lights, loud noise, and other involuntarily attract attention.A significant role is given to a greater extent relative strength.So, the day the steps in the corridor may not attract attention, but at night the same steps will make the alert.
second category causes include external stimuli corresponding to the inner human condition, and, mainly, the needs.For example, hungry and fed people react in different ways to talk about food.
third category of reasons related to the overall personality oriented.So, passing along the same street, the architect draws attention to the beauty of the buildings, and the janitor to the trash.The fact that a person is interesting, cause certain emotions.
second kind of attention - arbitrary - there is under the control of the conscious purpose.Its formation is closely linked to the human will.Develop attention due to labor efforts, in this connection, it is also called intentional, active, strong-willed.Thus, a person decides to take up any activity.In this regard, it directs its attention to this.It is often in this particular moment it is uninteresting, but these need to be addressed.
Arbitrary attention is involved in regulating the processes of mental character.The reasons for his provocative, are not the biological and social nature.
According to some experts, there are not only these kinds of attention (voluntary and involuntary).Psychologists distinguish one similar to an arbitrary type.It has the character of a focused, it requires willpower (initial).However, over time, for a man becomes a fascinating process of activity itself, not just its result.
Thus, the above types of attention also incorporate "posleproizvolnoe".It named because it was NF Dobrynin (Soviet psychology).Warning and types have different characteristics.
Features of consciousness due to a particular subject, focus on it and determine the properties of attention.Psychology allocates features such as concentration, volume, stability, distribution switch.
Stability characterizes the kinds of attention for the duration of the focus on the same object.
Concentration called intensity (degree) of concentration.
distribution - it is subjectively experienced an individual's ability to retain a conscious connection in the center of a specific number of dissimilar objects at one time.
Switching concentration expressed in meaningful and conscious move it from one object to another.
attention span is expressed in the limited possibilities of the simultaneous perception of multiple objects, independent of each other.
