notion of network implies its definition is as follows.The network is a collection of objects, which is formed by devices that transmit and process the data.International Organization for Standardization computer network is defined as a serial bit-oriented data transmission system between independent but interconnected devices in a special way.
Architecture of computer networks is that the network is usually occupy the certain territory, so they are often shared on a territorial basis.There are local, regional and global networks.
The advantages that gives networking of PCs often include the ability to share resources, data sharing, division of software division of CPU resources, the possibility of organizing a multi-user mode.
Various features enable the creation of networks of different classifications of computer networks.These features include the topology of computer networks, their functions, the list of services, principles of management (can be centralized and decentralized), switching methods, access methods, types of transmission medium, baud rate and so on. N.
dwell on such an importantthe concept of the topology of computer networks.In any computer network, each workstation physically connected with other communication channels.The connection is made according to a specific structure, which is called the topology of computer networks.Thus, the topology of computer networks is inherently describing physical connections in a network, which indicates the specific workstations are capable of binding to each other.On what type is characterized by the selected topology of computer networks, determines the level of performance, efficiency and reliability of the workstations, networked, and the time period necessary to appeal to the file server.Furthermore topology directly affects the network access method to be applied.
Today varieties network topologies five, but widely used three: bus topology, ring topology, the topology of the "star."
bus topology assumes that all network nodes are connected in an ad hoc network through a single cable.The end of the cable should be a resistive load.The only cable supports single channel data.The bus topology cable called the bus.Networks built on the bus topology, are based on coaxial cable.
ring topology has found its realization in the simple peer computer networks.All workstations, according to this topology are connected with its two nearest neighbors.If we consider the general scheme of connections in a network created by a ring topology, you can see something resembling a ring.The data in such networks can be transmitted in a single direction, and all workstations act as repeaters, receive and respond to packets addressed to them, and then passes the remaining data packets following a workstation that is located "downstream".
most widely used today, got local networks built according to the star topology.In such networks, data devices diverge from a common point, provided a hub, router or switch.If you submit a hub as the center of the star, then diverging from it will resemble the rays - hence this topology, and got its name.The main advantage of a star topology compared to the ring is the possibility of exercising the right of independent access to the network provided by any device.In this case, each device is able to apply to the transmission medium, regardless of the other devices in the network.
