Many of the townsfolk weakly imagine the value for the vegetation of the planet.Meanwhile, it is a plant to add funds to the Earth's atmosphere with oxygen, serve as food for herbivores, and other forms of life, recycle biological waste and carbon dioxide.
And even the water cycle is unthinkable without the flora!You know how important the evaporation plant, and for the biosphere as a whole?If not, just for you we have prepared this article!
As water enters the plant cells and tissue?
through the roots and root hairs liquid is absorbed, and then spreads throughout the body of the plant.As in the case of animal cells, for their water - life itself as well as plant tissue by more than 90% of it from the liquid.
molecules numerous salts of microelements, which are dissolved in a liquid, have a certain pressure on the cellular membrane as pass through it in normal circumstances can not.
This phenomenon is called osmotic pressure.Of course, water itself in the form of an isotonic salt solution stretches the flexible cell membrane.The voltage is indicated by the word "turgor".Simply put, it is due to the water and dissolved salts plant tissue is maintained in a state of elasticity and firmness.But this happens only in a normal water-salt metabolism.
So what does the evaporation plant?As soon as the water evaporates from the cell, the concentration of salts therein becomes larger.Concentrated solution begins to draw water through the cell membrane as long as the switch isotonic.The difference between the concentration of salt in the cell and the water that enters the plant, determines the strength of suction.
importance of evaporation in the process
on the surface of the sheet has a tiny hole, the stomata.With their help the plant evaporates moisture from the surface.And what does the evaporation plant in this case?The most important thing, because it is due to the evaporation and increase the salt concentration in the cell creates a suction force that promotes the flow of water and nutrients to the cells and tissues.
Actually, all the movement of fluids in the plant is only possible through the process of evaporation.You should not assume that this phenomenon is out of control: the leaf stomata can be opened and closed at a fraction of a percent, perfectly adjusting the intensity of the transition of moisture into the environment.In complete darkness, and in the midday sun, they completely overlap, preventing dehydration plant.
from which still depends ingress of water into the cytoplasm of cells
If the intensity of the movement of fluids in the tissues of plants depended solely on evaporation, at night, it would be completely stopped.The fact that some of the water always evaporates through the cuticle, but its amount is very low.
If you spend just an experience, cut the plant near the root of the neck, it will quickly notice that the water still continues to flow from the roots.This proves that the fluid moves in the tissues of plants and further due to the difference solution concentrations.
In addition, a huge role in this process is also the root pressure, thanks to which the plant surpasses the moisture in the "vessels", formed by layers of dead skin cells.
Since living tissues are not there, the water freely comes to leaves, where it evaporates through the stomata mentioned above.
So what does the evaporation plant, if you compile all the information?Firstly, to pass as a result of the phenomenon of water in the plant are carried nutrients.Secondly, the constant evaporation is extremely important for plants growing in southern regions.Evaporating water cools the entire plant is banal.
As you can see, the evaporation of water in the life of the plant plays a vital role.
percentage of assimilation and evaporated moisture
simple experiments scientists have shown that thousands of parts by volume of water received by the plant is absorbed no more than three.All the other 997 parts by weight of evaporating.In our climate plants need to evaporate one kilogram of water to form a similar amount of dry matter.In short, the intensity of this phenomenon depends on the climatic conditions in your area.
experiments scientists
Scientist Shlessing a couple of centuries ago, held an entertaining experience.He took three bush tobacco, two of which are planted in open ground.The difference between them was only in the soil and the planting site.A third plant was rooted in a pot, which was kept under room conditions, but was constantly covered with a cap.
a result of his experiments, he found that the first two of the bush during the growing season for all evaporated almost three times as much water, but it is formed in two (!) Times less dry matter, rather than "room" tobacco.But
!When he burned the first two plants, I was surprised to discovered that the mineral elements they contain a half times more.Thus, inadequately strong evaporation plants in particularly hot regions or periods of drought, leading to excessive production of minerals, which they really do not need.
importance of evaporation in life crop
This is especially true with regard to crops.Among other things, this phenomenon also reduces the nutritional value and taste them, because the excess ash substances negatively affects these figures.Accordingly, increased evaporation of water by the plant also contributes to severe depletion of soil, since it takes a lot of minerals.
Why are we telling you all this?Just not everyone understands that everything in nature is interconnected.Not by chance in hot regions is needed to fertilize the soil more often.In addition, in such climatic zones where it is as sensitive to the application of mineral fertilizers, which should also be considered in the development of professional farming techniques of cultivation of various crops.
Impact on taste and nutritional quality of plants
However, growers have since ancient times noticed that in dry years, when the plants have to constantly irrigate their nutritional value drops sharply when compared with the more successful over the years in terms of precipitation.Thus, in the evaporation plant life plays a much greater role than it can be thought from the side.
Not surprisingly, in a particularly hot years, when the amount of moisture in the soil decreases dramatically, and the evaporative capacity drops to a minimum, the growth and development of plants virtually stopped.In these circumstances they can not cool itself, but because often banal dry.
Conclusions
Even in mild cases, a short drought because of this on the leaves quickly appear severe burns.This is especially pronounced in those regions where there are winds, ie very hot and dry winds.
If no action is taken, then these climate events can easily destroy even the whole field of cultural crops.Just thought plowing, timely irrigation and weed control can help save the harvest.However, people are aware of this with a very long time.
We hope you are now convinced that the evaporation in plants - a vital process, without which they can not physically exist.
