problem of rapid communication in a military threat or disaster stood in front of people for many centuries before the advent of radio.We face it differently.North American Indians lit bonfires, feeding by means of smoke about the approaching enemy, and the signal for the attack they served as a loud cry.About the same act and the other nations in the Old World.In one Japanese city mayor in the nineteenth century, set fire to several houses to warn residents of an impending tsunami wave that saw the mountain, while almost all the people working in the valley, and did not know about the dangers.
In Russia, the signal for mobilization, general collection and the beginning of the offensive was the alarm.What is it and where did this word?
Military indicator
Turkic word meaning nauba custody.In the East, in ancient times, a fixture of the servicemen of people was a great copper dish on impact which arose loud ringing alarm.There and at the same time, a new word "naubat" denotes this simple device for messaging.Mutual enrichment experiences not always happen in a peaceful manner, but Russian people are willing to bite, that's a rewarding experience, even the enemy.The same device is used the Slavic troops, it only slightly increased in size and placed on a special stand or suspension, we carry on a special wagon.Operational command and control, namely the signal to attack, fed by means of hitting the plate.Then it appeared in the Russian language the word "naubat", and then by special military people Nabatchikov.Codes like Morse code had not yet been invented, but one of the soldiers knew (if the alarm sounded) that this notification of the need to prepare for major events.
resignation war tocsin
served a martial announcing the Turkish invention in the Russian army for a long time, but in the XVIII century, he gave his resignation.Great Reformer Peter I, too, willingly I borrowed all sorts of innovations, but preference was given to the West.So he decided, glancing once at alarm that the device is too large and impractical.The Dutch and the British would not have to carry on the battle sites huge copper plate, which is required for the transportation of four good horses, the Europeans treated the drums, bugles and other compact at the time means.Tocsin ringing in the new Russian army was expelled from the Charter and the Statute.But everyday life could not remove it, even in the Peter the Great.
everyday alarm
in civilian life too had various troubles.Rural house might catch fire from a candle or torch outstanding, sometimes attacked the village of evil men, robbers.In these and other cases, it was decided to beat the alarm, that is, in all possible ways to publish loud sounds to attract attention to the widest possible audience.They used a very sonorous objects, which at the time the problem was access.Since most of the homes of villagers Russia (and they made up the majority of the population) in the XVII-XVIII centuries large metal objects do not occur very often, I turned to God, or rather to his earthly missions - churches.Alarm bells could be heard far away, but for frequent and disturbing ringing at an inopportune time, people realized that there was a trouble.All rush to the rescue, and often able to provide it in a timely manner.
How to beat the alarm today
today to imagine that the alarm can serve as a loud ringing, it is difficult, although in extreme cases it happens sometimes.However, in a figurative, metaphorical sense very often used the phrase "sound the alarm".What this means, in spite of many past centuries, remember almost everything.Someone is trying to commit a crime, and it is necessary to notify those against whom it is conceived.There is a threat to the environment, about which the public knows.Politicians, pretending to be "knights in white robes," actually crooks and thieves.And there are still many situations where every decent person would have, exercising their civic position, not to think of arrows that fly into it right away, as soon as he hit the alarm.
