Constitution of our country, the twentieth anniversary of which will be celebrated this year in many ways unique to us.The uniqueness of this is not only in the fact that for the first time in its history, Russia was officially recognized by democratic and legal state, but also that a special role in the construction of this state is given to those bodies which have a direct local management exercise areas.
Local government - a complex set of mutually interacting institutions and mechanisms for the inhabitants of a village or city, directly or through their representatives to manage the data addressed by the local concerns of each individual citizen questions, participate in the development of their village,village, town.
main sources, which are defined terms of reference and powers of local government, is already mentioned the Constitution, the European Charter, which defines the functions, principles and resources for the activities of local government, and the adoption in 2003 Russian law regulating this areagovernment.In more detail the powers of local authorities are registered in the various regulations, charters of these municipalities, as well as in the acts of local authorities.
main competences of local self-government suggests the following points:
1. The creation, adoption and implementation of a clear local budget;introduction and abolition of taxes and various fees for the needs of the municipality.
2. Ownership of the property, which is a matter for local authorities.In addition, the powers of local authorities planned to organize the supply of electricity, water, heat and gas.
3. The construction and maintenance of the roads belonging to the transport links public, except for those routes that are the responsibility of the federal government.
4. The active development of local housing, including the construction of new private houses and apartment buildings, which are then to be used for granting housing for poor citizens and those citizens who by law can claim to living space.
5. Provide appropriate authorities with all necessary to eliminate the effects of different kinds of accidents and disasters, both natural and manmade.
6. Local authorities should actively promote the organization of cultural and educational leisure of citizens, as well as the opening of the education in the territory of sale, supply, service.
addition to the above, objects of reference of local government on the active participation of local authorities in the preservation of monuments and historical assets, the collection and disposal of solid waste, creating development plans territory of a particular locality.
Also, do not forget that, relying on the provisions of the Constitution of powers of local government, regional authorities and the federal center is very clearly delineated.In particular, in its work, local authorities have no right to come into conflict with the laws of the all-Russian, as the latter have greater legal force.
Analyzing powers of local authorities, for a more detailed analysis should be divided into political, economic and socio-cultural.The first group is the responsibility of local authorities to ensure people's participation in running the municipality, as well as the need to maintain public law and order in the territory.The economic powers of local governments suggest, on the one hand, the right to drive by the land, plants, buildings and structures that are in municipal ownership, on the other hand, - to promote the development of local business and entrepreneurship.Finally, social and cultural powers include the duty of the local authorities in maintaining and augmenting the local cultural heritage.
