to travel, though some need to know where are moving.Better yet, firmly understand what point you will get, and how best to go from point A to point B. To do this, there are cards.In contrast to the plans (urban or relatively small portion of the area), they have a larger scale and determine the geographical coordinates of the objects.This is done for convenience: with the help of intricate figures we can determine, this item is to the north or south from the other, and to the west or east, we move to, for example, to get from St. Petersburg to Moscow.
said: "Language and to Kiev", however, is even better way to prompt the geographical coordinates.What it is?This conditional line marked on a map or globe.Of course, in a real neighborhood, you will not find them - unless, such a mark can be found in some cities that are directly on the parallel or meridian.Let's look at what latitude and longitude.Our planet is an ellipse, that is not a perfect sphere, and a little compressed to the poles.But for ease of handling, the coordinates are plotted as if the Earth - an absolute scope.
It is known, is spinning around its axis.Where this axis touches the surface, are poles - the North and South.If we graphically connect them together, we get 360 conventional lines (because the scope has an angle of 360 degrees).These bands on a map or globe - the geographical coordinates indicating latitude.On Earth, there are two important meridian.First - Zero.It goes through the observatory in the town of Greenwich, near London, and therefore is called by its name.Second - 180 °, approximately coincides with the line change of dates.
geographical coordinates are another option - latitude.If we draw a conventional line is not along the rotation of our planet, and across, exactly in the middle, it will be the equator.If the Greenwich meridian divides the sphere into Western and Eastern Hemisphere, the zero latitude - in the North and South.As between the equator and the pole through the center of the Earth is a right angle, then there are parallels of 90 in each hemisphere.North Pole - it's 90 ° North and South, respectively, - 90 ° south.All geographic degrees are divided into minutes and seconds.
Thus, any point on the Earth's surface has a latitude and longitude.Identify the geographic coordinates was very important to the Mariners, who, being in the middle of the ocean were devoid of any landmarks.They had to figure out where they are and where to move.Latitude are determined using an astrolabe - a special device that specifies the angle of the sun above the horizon at noon.
But in order to calculate the geographical coordinates of the cities, towns and other settlements, the modern man does not need to use such sophisticated devices.Just look in an atlas to determine the longitude and latitude of a geographic object.The parallels are indicated on the right and the left, and the meridians - top and bottom of the chart picture area.And with Google can be accurate to the second position to know the little ones are not marked on the map points.
