narrative structure works "Crime and Punishment" is considered to be quite complicated.At the heart of the novel - the image of Rodion Raskolnikov and his theory.In the course of the narrative there are other characters.They are of particular importance in the work of "Crime and Punishment" twins Raskolnikov.Why Dostoevsky enters them into the story?Things like Raskolnikov and his counterparts?What is the difference?What are their ideas?What are the counterpart of Raskolnikov - Luzhin and Svidrigailov?It was later in the article.
Pyotr Petrovich Luzhin - double Raskolnikov
author describes it quite negatively.Luzhin is rich, is a brilliant businessman.He arrived in St. Petersburg to arrange his career."Vybivshis in people," Peter thought highly of his own mind, his ability, used to enjoy themselves and enjoy it.His main dream was to get married.Peter wanted to do much good for any girl, raising it to yourself.She certainly ought to be educated and beautiful.He knew that St. Petersburg can "win a lot of women."His morbid narcissism, all of his dreams are talking about a certain imbalance in the nature, the presence in its cynicism.With the money, "samples from nothingness", he stayed low inside.Next, find out what points to the fact that Luzhin and Raskolnikov - twins.
Theory Peter Petrovich Luzhin
represented a man of business, more than anything else appreciating money mined "all sorts of tools and labor."He considers himself a smart, workers for the good of the people is very progressive and self respect.Have Pyotr his own theory, which he developed with great pleasure to Rodion Raskolnikov.His idea of "rational egoism" Love involves first of all to himself, because everything that happens in the world is based, according to him, in his own interest.If all people will act according to his theory, the society will become much more prosperous citizens.Thus, a person, getting only myself working for the good of the whole society in the name of economic progress.In life, Luzhin is guided by this theory.The dream of marrying Avdotya flatters his vanity.In addition, the marriage may contribute to his future career.Raskolnikov, meanwhile, against this marriage.But Peter fairly quickly finds a way to rectify the situation.To denigrate Rodion front of his family and return the location of the Dunya, he puts Sonia banknote and accuses her of stealing.
Why Luzhin - double Raskolnikov?
Analyzing the theory of Peter Petrovich, you can find a lot of similarities with the idea of Rodion.And in the first and the second priority is its own, self-interest.Raskolnikov argues that "everything is permitted Napoleon."According to Peter Petrovich, the idea of Rodion also intended to save humanity from the evil and seeks to achieve progress in the development.Move the world and lead it toward the goal can only people who are able to destroy the present for the sake of the future.
similarity of opinion - the cause of hatred
should, meanwhile, said that the idea Luzhin did not like Raskolnikov.Perhaps intuitively Rodion felt similarities with their own ideas and thoughts.He points to Peter Petrovich that he, "Luzhin's" theory allowed "people to cut".Apparently, the similarity in the thoughts and vision of the situation of the world leads to unconscious hatred Rodion to Peter Petrovich.As a result, appears certain "vulgarization" of the theory of Raskolnikov.Peter offers "economic" version of it, the one that, in his opinion, is applicable to life and is aimed at achieving the objectives of the material in plant and equipment.Thus, it can be concluded that Luzhin - double-Raskolnikov in everyday household plan.
Another character with a similar theory
the course of the narrative, there is another character - Arkady Ivanovich Svidrigailov.This rather complex character with all his being expresses a certain "demonstrated irregular."He "is not single-line anywhere," but in his way of expressing philosophical context traced ideas Rodion.Thanks to the actions of Svidrigailov (he revealed the true state of affairs Marfa Petrovna) restored the good name of Raskolnikov's sister.Arkady is also assisting the family Marmeladova organizing the funeral of the deceased and Katerina Ivanovna pristraivaya orphaned young children to a shelter.It helps and Sonia, supplying it with the means to travel to Siberia.
Brief description of Arkady Ivanovich
This man is smart, insightful, it has its own special "subtlety".He has the ability to perfectly understand people.Due to this his ability, he was able to immediately determine what constitutes Luzhin.Arkady decides to prevent the marriage of Peter Petrovich on Avdotya.According to some authors, Svidrigailov is potentially a man of great strength and conscience.However, all these inclinations of his gubyatsya Russian public foundations, a way of life.The hero does not have any ideals, there is no clear moral guidelines.Among other things, the nature of Arkady Ivanovich has a vice, with whom he had to fight not only can but does not want to.A case in point is his penchant for debauchery.The life of the hero proceeds to subordinate their own passions.
What similarities and Rodion Arkady Ivanovich?
Svidrigailov Raskolnikov at a meeting with some notes "common point" between them, saying that they "berry one field."Dostoevsky himself to a certain extent brings these characters, portraying them develops a motive - a childlike innocence, purity.In the image of Raskolnikov there are features of the child - his "baby smile", and in his first dream he appears before a seven year old boy.In Sonia, which is increasingly moving closer Rodion also has traces of innocence and purity.Raskolnikov, it resembles a child.On the face of Lizaveta was too childish expression at a time when Rodion attacked her.To Arkady Ivanovich, meanwhile, children are a reminder of the atrocities committed by him, came to him in nightmares.It is this common theme, the very fact of its presence suggests that Svidrigailov and Raskolnikov - twins.
differences in the way Arkady Ivanovich and Rodion
the course of the narrative differences between the characters become more pronounced.Crime committed by Raskolnikov is a symbol of protest against cruelty and injustice the world around him, unbearable living conditions.As a secondary motive appears plight of the family and himself.In addition, he wanted to test his theory.However, after the crime Rodion live differently is no longer able, as if "cut himself off from all the scissors."Talking to others it is now there is nothing, and covers the feeling of painful alienation from all the people.Despite this, both before and after the crime in the image of Raskolnikov saved ideals - for it is very significant concepts of good and evil.So, after the crime he assists Marmeladovs, gives the last 20 rubles for funeral Seeds Zakharovich.The image Svidrigailov does not appear anything like that.Arkady appears completely empty and spiritually dead person.It disbelief and cynicism are combined with subtle mind, self-sufficiency, experience.He was so "dead" that animate it can not even feeling to Duns.Love it aroused noble impulses and the manifestation of the true humanity Arkady only for a brief moment.Svidrigailov boring to live, he does not believe in anything, his heart and mind, nothing takes.At the same time, he indulges his desires: the bad and good.Arkady did not feel remorse, killing very young girl.Only once it is his image in a nightmare - a suicide in the night.This creates the idea that it is a crime - a crime not only hero about him a lot of rumors and gossip.However, the character itself is quite indifferent to them and, in fact, does not consider his actions with something coming out of the ordinary.
Rodion Incarnation theory in the form of Arkady Ivanovich
Speaking of that Svidrigailov - double Raskolnikov, should pay attention to their personal relationships.First Rodion think that Arkady Ivanovich has some power over him.Raskolnikov drawn to Svidrigailov.But later Rodion feels some "heavy", it becomes "stuffy" from this proximity.Gradually, Raskolnikov begins to assume that the most insignificant Svidrigailov on the ground and let the villain.Arkady, meanwhile, goes much further along the path of Rodion evil.In this respect, it can be traced even some symbolic name Arcadia.It is of Greek origin and translates literally as "shepherd."In the Orthodox culture of the word is used in the meaning "shepherd" - a leader, a mentor, a teacher of the spiritual life.In some ways, Svidrigaïlov for Raskolnikov really is: in his unbelief and cynicism Rodion he surpasses in many respects.Arkady constantly demonstrates his "workshop" to some extent "higher" form of ownership theory Rodion practically embodying it.
value of characters in a work
Doubles Raskolnikov close to him in spirit, but they have different purposes.Each of them has its own way embodies the theory of Rodion.His own inner appearance twins Raskolnikov in the novel discredit his ideas.The image of Peter Petrovich seems primitive incarnation of the theory to everyday, everyday level.Arkady Ivanovich - deeper character.Application Svidrigailov "raskolnikovskoy" theory is more depth.He embodies it on a philosophical level.When you carry out the analysis of the image and behavior of Arkady Ivanovich, in some way exposed the bottom of the abyss, where leads "idividualisticheskaya" the idea of the protagonist.
Sonia Marmeladova
If the above characters - the spiritual counterpart of Raskolnikov, then this character is similar to Rodion solely on "life situation."Anyway, so thought the main character of the work.She, like the other characters, could pass a threshold beyond which ends morality.Being active and active nature, Sofya Semyonovna is trying to save the family from ruin.In their actions, it is primarily guided by faith, kindness, gentleness.Sonia pulls Rodion, he begins to identify it with you.However, as with other twins Raskolnikov Marmeladova it soon becomes quite different.Rodion notes that ceases to understand it, it even seems to him "holy fool" and the country.Subsequently, the differences between them become more pronounced.
"Crime" Sony Marmeladova
should say that her "crime" is unlike the action of Raskolnikov.Transformed into a prostitute, saving children from starvation, it brings harm to themselves.While other characters cause it also to others, destroying other people's lives.Rodion is free to choose between good and evil.Sonia is initially devoid of this choice.Her act bezravstvenen, but in some way justified motive.Unlike other characters, the soul is filled with love Sonya, faith, charity, she is "alive" and feels his unity with others.
Conclusion From the work the reader is presented a lot of personalities.They are all more or less similar to the protagonist - Raskolnikov.Of course, this similarity is not coincidental.Theory of Rodion so nightmarish that simple description of his life was not enough.Otherwise, the image of his fate and the collapse of his ideas would be reduced to a simple description of the criminal history of polupomeshannom student.In his work Dostoevsky tried to show that this theory is not so much a new and quite voplotima in life.Its development and refraction permeates people's lives, people's lives.As a result, emerging understanding of what is needed to fight against this evil.To counter immorality each has its own means.At the same time we should not forget that the fight with the enemy using his own weapons becomes meaningless, since the back again on the same path of immorality.
