explosion is an extremely fast process of conversion of an explosive in a highly heated and pressurized gas, which is at the same rapid expansion of the performs mechanical work movement, fragmentation, ejection and destruction.
Explosives - chemical compounds and mixtures which, in a certain kind of external influence are beginning to generate heat and form the heated gases in bulk.
Explosions in general similar to the burning of coal, wood and other common combustibles.The only difference in the rate of combustion - the explosion of it occurs in a fraction of a second.From this we can deduce two basic types of transformation explosions:
- Burning, in which energy is transferred from one layer to another material by conduction.An example of such a material - powder.
- detonation, in which there is rapid expansion, resulting gases.Speed shockwave thus can achieve the speed of sound.Such explosives: TNT, RDX, ammonium.
to begin the process of explosion, it is necessary to carry out an external impact on the explosive compounds.There are several ways influence:
- mechanical - shock, friction, prick;
- chemical - a chemical reaction of the explosive substance to an additional substance in the charge;
- heat - spark, heat, inflammation;
- detonation - Implementation of the explosion of a chemical compound next to the other.
classification of explosives sensitivity
Initiating - are highly sensitive and have an impact detonation.Such substances for security placed in isolated unit - blasting, detonator, blasting cap.
Blasting - serve mines, shells, bombs, rockets, etc.They are divided according to the power at high power explosives (RDX, tetryl), normal power (melinite, TNT, plastics), and low power (ammonium nitrate and its various mixtures).Substances
increased power is often used in admixture with deterrents which reduce their susceptibility to external influences.They may also be used in combination with other substances to increase the power of the explosion or as an intermediate detonator.
Throwing - it's different kinds of gunpowder, pyrotechnic mixtures, lighting shells, mines, bombs, flares.
All explosive substances are characterized by a detonation velocity explosive transformation warmth, sensitivity, chemical resistance, high explosive, blasting, density, length of performance, the normal state of aggregation.
most basic properties at the same time - brisance and explosive.
blasting - the ability to split and destroy objects.Blasting depends on how fast the gases formed by the explosion.The higher this property is better suited for explosive mines, shells, bombs, because the process will be qualitatively explosion shattered shell of the projectile, and the pieces will have the greatest speed and the shock wave.The velocity of detonation is also directly related to the blasting.
explosive - an indicator of the ability to destroy and to throw objects from the specified area of the explosion.In fact it is an explosive performance.The amount of gas that is released during the explosion and determines the amount of high explosive.
Other explosives are used for different purposes.For jobs in the mines and pits, crushed ice in rivers and oceans are needed to maximize explosive substances, and can be any brisance.For example, it may be ammonium.For the production of shells, in contrast, uses substances with high and relatively low brisance explosive fragmentation - such as plastids.
