Soviet period of our history is replete with all sorts of cuts that occurred everywhere in the names of public authorities, institutions of the party, in the names of specialized law enforcement facilities and just in the names of non-governmental organizations at different levels.One of them was, and the Central Executive Committee.Explanation of the name of this body is the scope of its powers and their level.
Creating a new management system
Since the October coup d'etat in 1917 power in the country passed into the hands of the Bolshevik Party.Their first priority was the creation of the new authorities, who have fulfilled their objectives to transform the country into a dictatorship of the proletariat.The head of the party, Lenin, examining the principles of the structure of power of the European states do not recognize the principle of separation of powers.In addition, he believed that in the conditions of formation of a new state this principle can only hurt, not allowing in the right, and a short time to make the necessary changes and monitor them properly.At his suggestion, fully endorsed by the leaders of the party, there is a special body that combines features of both legislative executive and judicial power.So, what is the Central Executive Committee in the period from 1917 to 1937?
Features Soviet-style state power
Initially, its competence extends to the territory of the Russian Federation, with the representatives of Ukraine, Belarus and the Caucasus republics could also be members of the Central Executive Committee.Explanation of abbreviations sounds like "All-Russian Central Executive Committee", thus emphasizing its leading position among all the authorities of the Soviet republic.
At the end of 1917, the functional powers of this institution been a slight change: the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee was formed, which became the operational arm of the committee.Quite often, the powers of the Central Executive Committee used a completely different authorities, although the hierarchy they were following him.
initiative intercepted Council of People's Commissars, to put it simply, the Government of the country.All decisions of this body have a legal form as a decree of the Central Executive Committee.If you thoroughly understand it laws passed by the supreme legislative authority.Comparing with the present, we can say that it is legal acts issued by the State Duma of the Russian Federation.
Structurally funtskionalnye upheavals
During his rather short history committee subject to multiple reforms and changes in the scope of its powers, already at the Eighth Congress of the Soviets the limits of its action were defined legislative framework, but some time later he was returned to supervisory and executive functions.At the same time recognized that the supreme authority of the country is the Russian Congress of Soviets, and in the intervals between its meetings - the Central Executive Committee.Decryption can be somewhat daunting, but the letter "I" stands for "executive" actually implied that the committee is involved in the appointment of the members of the CPC, which is the main executive organ of the Soviet government.The Constitution adopted in 1918, already set at the highest legislative level, the Central Executive Committee in second place in the organizational structure of the government of the RSFSR, and then the Soviet Union.
structure and submission
second Constitution, adopted in 1925, was finally adopted by a well-established system of government of the RSFSR and the USSR Central Executive Committee from this period had a total number of divisions and departments.The structure of this important institution of the state was three-stage:
- departments (financial, Cossack, advocacy, communications, and others. - Only about ten).The Presidium of the Central Executive Committee
- .
- Secretariat of the Central Executive Committee.
However, structural changes occur almost constantly: in the period from 1923 began to operate the so-called Small Presidency.His organization was connected with the fact that the number of appeals to Orany Committee has significantly increased, it became necessary to increase the amount of work.Later this unit is eliminated due to the transfer of the powers of the other institutions of power.At the time of liquidation committee structure had the following structure:
- Secretariat of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee.
- Reception chairman of the Central Executive Committee.
- Finance Department, the sector of information and personnel and instructors group.
Similarities and differences of the authorities of the Russian Empire and the USSR
If we draw a parallel between similar bodies of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, the Central Executive Committee can be put on a par with the king's Senate, the scope of powers and organizational structure of these authorities was virtually identical with somesmall differences.In both cases, there was no separation of powers, as a state institution served a lot of different actions, often duplicating work and substituting another.In the second case, it has become more orderly.In order to more clearly present the whole awkwardness of the management in the RSFSR and the Soviet Union, it should be noted that there was also a Central Executive Committee, along with the Central Executive Committee.Explanation of the first differs from the second only the name "Russian", and function were virtually identical.The Central Executive Committee of the USSR continued to work until 1938, when it created a permanent Supreme Council - the main authority of the country of the Soviets.
