hydrobromic acid (also known as bromide) - is an inorganic compound of hydrogen (H) with bromine (Br).It is a colorless gas that forms in moist air thick fog.
What are the methods of obtaining hydrogen bromide
Because of the high degree of oxidation bromovodoronoy acid, it can not be obtained by the action of concentrated sulfuric acid in the alkali metal bromide.The following reaction occurs:
2KBr (potassium bromide) + 2N2SO4 (sulfuric acid) = K2SO4 (potassium sulphate) + SO2 (sulfur oxide) + Br2 (bromine molecule) + 2H2O (water)
1. The industrial production of acids suchhydrobromic like is performed by a reaction in which the constituent elements react.For example, we are considering the substance can be obtained as follows:
H2 (hydrogen molecules) + Br2 (bromine molecule) = 2HBr (hydrobromic acid)
This reaction feasible at a temperature of 200 to 400 degrees.
2. It is also possible to obtain a hydrobromic acid in vitro in several ways.
- by hydrolysis or phosphorus tribromide pentabromide:
PBr3 (tribromide) + 3H2O (three molecules of water) = H3PO3 (phosphoric acid) + 3HBr (hydrobromic acid, chemical formula)
PBr5 (pentabromide) + 4H2O (four molecules of water)= H3PO4 (phosphoric acid) + 5HBr (bromide)
- by reduction of bromine:
3Br2 (three molecules bromine) + S (sulfur) + 4H2O (water) = (the reaction is possible at a temperature of 100-150 degrees) H2SO4(sulfuric acid) + 6HBr (hydrogen bromide)
3Br2 (three molecules of bromine) + KNO2 (potassium nitrite) + 4H2O (water) = KNO3 (potassium nitrate) + 2HBr (hydrogen bromide)
- through repression dilute acid bromides of alkali metals:
KBr (potassium bromide) + H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) = KHSO4 (potassium hydrogensulfate) + HBr (released as gas)
3. As a by-product hydrogen bromide can be obtained in the synthesis of organic compounds bromoproizvodnyh.
physical properties of hydrogen bromide:
1. hydrobromic acid - a colorless gas having a pungent smell and unpleasant.Strongly smokes in the air.It has high resistance to temperature.
2. Well dissolved in H2O (water), and ethanol to form the electrolyte.The aqueous solution of HBr forms an azeotrope that boils at a temperature of 124 degrees.In one liter of water dissolves approximately half a liter of hydrogen bromide (at 0 degrees).
3. During the cooling aqueous hydrogen bromide crystalline hydrates may be prepared as follows: HBr * H2O, HBr * 2H2O, HBr * 4H2O.
4. Net bromide forms crystals of the orthorhombic crystal system, space group F mmm.
5. At a temperature of -66.8 degrees becomes liquid, and at - 87 degrees hardens.
chemical properties of hydrogen bromide:
1. hydrobromic acid in contact with water forms a strong acid is monobasic.This reaction is as follows:
HBr + H2O (water) = Br- (bromine anion) + H3O + (hydronium ion)
2. This material is resistant to high temperatures, however, at 1000 degrees about 0.5% of all the molecules are decomposed:
2HBr (hydrobromic acid) = H2 (hydrogen molecule) + Br2 (bromine molecule)
3. Considered contact chemical compound reacts with various metals and their oxides and bases.Examples of reactions:
2HBr + Mg (magnesium) = MgBr2 (magnesium bromide) + H2 (released as gas)
2HBr + CaO (calcium oxide) = CaBr2 (calcium bromide) + H2O (water)
HBr + NaOH (sodiumhydroxide) = NaBr (sodium bromide) + H2O (water)
4. bromide is also a reducing agent.In the air slowly oxidized.For this reason, its aqueous solutions over time are stained brown.The response will be such:
4HBr (hydrobromic acid) + O2 (oxygen molecule) = 2Br2 (bromine molecule) + 2H2O (water)
Application
bromide is used to create (synthesis) of different organic bromine derivatives and for the preparation of bromidesvarious metals.Of particular importance is silver bromide have been used in the manufacture of film photographic materials.
How is transportation
in the cylinder capacity of 6.8 liters or 68 at a pressure of 24 atmospheres.
