All kinds of sensations in humans are a product of its historical development.They are very different from the feelings of animals.In the development work and constant communication in humans developed a precise and delicate touch, music and speech hearing, color vision.
To distinguish types of sensations in psychology.Materialist, scientific view of the feeling has always opposed the idealistic, non-scientific point of view.Such subjective idealist as Mach and Berkeley, as well as their followers deny that feeling came from some source material.They do not recognize the existence of matter in general, arguing that the objects that surround us, are nothing more than a complex or a combination of human sensations.It turns out that in the world there is nothing but the subject with his feelings.That is, different types of sensations give us different information about our surroundings.
The so-called agnostic views, too idealistic, they do not deny the existence of the material world around us, as well as its impact on the senses and organs, but they doubt how true reflection of the real properties of objects obtained through the senses.
For example, the Helmholtz scientist, based on the fact that the feeling of a property and the property itself is not the subject of one and the same sensation called conditional symbols or signs of things.Through characters can be defined as something that exists in reality, and something that really is not.The theory of characters becomes a cause of agnosticism, that there are doubts that the person correctly reflects the whole world around him.In fact, the feeling is a true reflection of reality.In this case, various kinds of sensations are called into question, since they may be misinformed person about his surroundings.
views known scholar Johann Muller much more.He argued that people do not feel the properties of various objects that really exist, but only the state of their own senses.
to confirm the fidelity of his view, Muller relied on such well-known facts: the action of one sense organ of different stimuli, feeling arises in him, always the same, that is, that this body is specific.For example, if the eye acting on the electric current, light or mechanical stimulation, the types of sensations always identical, they are visual.
If you look on the other side, the action of one and the same stimulus for different human senses, we get different sensations that are specific for these senses.If the impact on the eyes, the skin and the ears of electric shock, then there are different feelings, visual, tactile and auditory.So, if we proceed from the logic of Muller, our feelings are not the result of actions of any material objects that exist independently of our consciousness, and the kind of energy the human senses.Here in front of us and there is something called "properties of sensations" in psychology.In accordance with the views of Mueller, we are not dealing with the properties of the objects of the material world, and on the reflection of the condition of the our own senses.
One of many critics about this Mueller jokingly said that if he is right, the cat, in front of which is a mouse, should not miss it, and cling to paws in their own eyes.If you rely on all these facts, we are dealing with a false conclusions Muller.They have a different explanation.From the history of the animal world, we know that the specificity of the senses is a result of their extended biological adaptation to the conditions of the world.It did not exist at the lower levels of development.
