Under affective disorders (mood disorders) is commonly understood as a common group of mental disorders, which are characterized by disturbances of the emotional sphere.According to the DSM under this state falls several diagnoses.The main external manifestations are violations of the emotional state.
most common disorders that are fixed in this state, are two types of disorders characterized by whether the person hypomanic or manic episode.So, depressive disorders often associated with major depressive disorder.It still has the name "clinical depression" and "bipolar disorder."His previously called manic-depressive psychosis.Accompanied by alternating manic and hypomanic periods, which last from two weeks to four or five months and depressive episodes (duration up to six months).
known cases of intense manifestation of mood disorders in the form of inappropriate emotions.These occur within delusional disorder.An example might be a fear, anxiety, anger, rage, enthusiasm or ecstasy.There are delusions or catatonic disorder.
Looking closer bipolar disorder, it may be noted that this condition is characterized by repeated (at least two) episodes.They are characterized by disturbances of mood and activity level.Some cases are accompanied by a rise in mood, increased mental and physical activity, in others there is a decrease mood, there is a decrease energetic and active until the depression.Not excluded mixed states, when the symptoms of depression occur concurrently with delusions.Example of display of a taut angst or anxiety, euphoria on the background of inhibition, the ability to quickly change the symptoms.
Due to the fact that bipolar disorder has a different understanding of the boundaries, the exact number of distribution of this disorder is difficult to call.Statistical data fluctuate around one percent.
reasons that cause bipolar disorder, in full and are not defined to date.A high proportion of the risk of its occurrence assigned to heredity.Prove the connection of the disease with multiple genes (their alleged accommodation in 4 and 18 chromosomes).In addition, this mental disorder can be caused by autointoxication (endocrine balance, violation of water-electrolyte metabolism).Stressful situations assigned provocative role, runs the episode of depression or mania.But by itself the cause of stress is not a disease.
bipolar depression manifests itself in the company of several striking features:
- depressed mood or decreased;
- there is no interest in that earlier caused a surge of positive emotions;
- a sharp decline in performance, which is accompanied by fatigue;
- there are problems with the ability to focus attention is blurred;
- reduced self-esteem;
- appears unwarranted guilt;
- the influx of pessimistic thoughts and feelings;
- there are thoughts about death and suicidal tendencies;
- frequent sleep disturbances, decreased appetite.
There are also a number of other symptoms of a depressive state.More specifically bipolar disorder can be determined by a physician.There are several additional ways to help determine the condition of the patient.So, for example, it is considered one of the best known and most common ways to identify bipolar disorder, self-test.
But even with similar symptoms should understand that depression and bipolar disorder are different diseases, and they are treated differently.Self-medication in each case the possible need for mandatory consultation with a physician.
