Kukushkin flax - a plant that is in the territory of the Russian Federation is most common in the forests of the north and the middle band.Favorable conditions for it are observed in the swamp forests of the taiga-dolgomoshnikah in bogs and wet meadows.The plant belongs to the genus moss, mossy to the department.The planet is found over a hundred of its species.Kukushkin flax, which forms a pillow turf, often found in the tundra and in the highlands.The most widely used in the CIS countries was politrihum ordinary (the second name of the plant).
great value sun
Kukushkin flax is very fond of light.That is why in the dark spruce forests, even if the soil is moist and fertile there, it will be limited in growth and development.With sufficient sunlight the plant swiftly pulled actively spreading to new areas and closing the dense carpet of soil.Land for Kukushkin flax dries more slowly, which is why its sprawl gradually leads to waterlogging areas.
Description
moss Kukushkin flax has a rather tall stems (of length - 10-15 cm, but there are also sorokasantimetrovye plants).Conductive system ensures the movement of water and nutrients to the stem.
origin of the name
Described plant has a straight stem brownish color.They have small leaves are dark green in color, which resemble miniature linen.But the boxes that appear on the female plants, evoke associations with the cuckoo, is situated on a kind of pole.
structure Kukushkin flax
Considered plant belongs to the many years of leafy mosses.Its large size, the lower part of the stem are rhizoids - primitive root analogues.In the primary horizontal stem leaves no.Secondary stem can be as simple or branched.It is erect, the average length - within fifteen centimeters.Each sheet has a large main vein.Kukushkin flax, whose structure is quite simple, has a lower scale-like leaves.
functions stem
The main role of this part of the plant - bearing.Equally important is the ability of conducting stem.It acts as a liaison between the leaves and root system.Stem performs some secondary functions.Among them - the conservation of nutrients.
Reproduction and development
plant spreads in the following ways: sexual (gametes) and asexually (spores, shoots).They alternate.
How exactly reproduces Kukushkin flax plant?Spores which forms a plant are sporangia (box) on the leg.After maturing, they spill out of this natural storage.Under favorable conditions, spores form a multicellular filament, and from it, in turn, appears several gametophytes (it happens by budding).Gametophyte considered green long flight, having leaves and rhizoids (kornepodobnye education).Recent taken from soil salts and iodine.Leaf cells provide a synthesis of all the other necessary substances.On this basis, it can be argued that the gametophyte is an independent body.
After a while gametophyte stops their growth.Then begins Kukushkin flax breeding.At the center of the rosette of leaves (location - on top of the stem) develop male and female sex organs.First presented antheridia (the name comes from the Greek word "Anteros", which means "blooming"), which are the development cycle of mobile gametes - sperm and archegonia - female sex organs, which are responsible for the formation of a fixed female gametes - egg.
Male plants are characterized by larger leaves, painted in yellow-brown color.Women instances such leaves are not.
When the rainy season and flood sperm (male cells) are able to swim to the egg.As a result, they coalesce.Upon completion of the process of fertilization the zygote appears (the word comes from the Greek "zigotos", which translates as "connected").This is the first stage of embryo development.The following year, from the fertilized zygote is a development box (sporogony), located on a fairly long stalk without leaves.Subsequently box becomes a place of controversy.This natural storage is very fragile.It even swinging in the breeze.After the decay of the cap and the loss of green spore germination observed extensive thread - predrostka.Note that for a successful result it is necessary to put in arguments favorable to them on Wednesday, in which case there will Kukushkin flax breeding.
predrostke formed on the kidneys, of which there are male and female specimens of plants.Thus, we can see that the life cycle of mosses include succession of asexual and sexual generations.During the evolution of this feature is to develop in many plants, including flax and Kukushkin.
reproduction of this species of moss vegetatively makes it easy to get a thick green carpet on the plot.Suffice it to put a small piece of moss on a damp area.However, it should take into account the ability of the plant to water logging of their habitat area.
various uses
If you remove the leaves have Kukushkin flax can get tough, flexible filaments formed by the central stems.Our ancestors used the natural material for the manufacture of brushes and brooms.After soaking and brushing the stems become an excellent basis for the mats, rugs, baskets, and blackout curtains.It is noteworthy that during the excavation of the Early Roman fort in England were found the remains of baskets created from Kukushkin flax.Products dated 86 year AD.
Earlier Kukushkin flax is widely used in the manufacture of raincoats soldiers and travelers.The resulting garments were particularly strong.In addition, they possess decorative value.
Healers advised to use this type of moss for the revitalization of the digestive system, eliminate stomach cramps and dissolving kidney stones and gall bladder.
Kukushkin flax, the structure of which can be used in horticulture for decorative purposes, positive effect on the soil.So, this plant is able to normalize the acidity of soil a maximum of two seasons.After that, the soil can be restored successfully grow any garden plants.The dead part of moss serve as an excellent fertilizer.
most unusual version of the application Kukushkin flax - as in the manufacture of malt whiskey.
Natural insulation
Kukushkin flax is able to effectively protect the structure against the penetration of cold and moisture.Very much I appreciated the fact that moss does not rot.Its location between the logs log allows for natural ventilation.For these purposes, the moss is used fresh.Before laying of natural insulation must be thoroughly cleaned of twigs, sticks, cones, grass and other impurities.
sphagnum moss
This plant belongs to the genus of white (peat) mosses.It allocated 320 of its species.Sphagnum bog mosses mainly represented by that form dense clusters, forming a large pillows or thick rugs on the sphagnum bogs.But in the humid forests are much less common sphagnum.Kukushkin flax is a plant reminds his erect stem, reaching ten to twenty centimeters in height.The leaves of Sphagnum-layer, placed on the bunchy located branches.The leaves contain a lot of water-bearing cells with pores that actively absorbs water.This fact leads to greater water capacity of the plant.In areas where there are the mosses, are rapidly developing bogs.
occur annually dying stems at the bottom of the plant.They form peat.Further growth of the stem is provided by terminal branches.
Note that sphagnum play an important role in the formation and existence of the bogs.As indicated above, the dead areas are formed deposits of peat moss.Peat formation is possible due to stagnant waterlogged, provide mosses acidic environment and the lack of oxygen.Under these conditions the processes of decay do not occur, sphagnum does not decompose.Peat is a valuable product, from which the wax, ammonia, paraffin, alcohol, t. D. It is widely used in medical practice in the construction.Moss serves as a biofuel and effective fertilizer.
The sphagnum useful?
Many recipes of traditional and official medicine include this component.And all because sphagnum moss - a great antiseptic dressings and reliable.It helps to heal festering wounds because of its ability to absorb large amounts of moisture.According to this index exceeds the best varieties of sphagnum absorbent cotton.This moss is able to produce bactericidal effect due to the presence sfagnola - special fenolopodobnogo substance inhibits the development and the livelihoods of E. coli, Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella and other pathogens.
Florists actively use sphagnum with the aim of growing houseplants.It is a part of the substrate, a layer of mulch or perform drainage functions.Moss is not rich in nutrients, but it gives the ground looseness required.Sphagnum excellent hygroscopic due to its ability to evenly distribute moisture.Have sfagnola causes bactericidal properties of this species of moss that can effectively take care of the main roots of the plants, preventing the development of disease and decay.
