long been known that is full of currants in vitamins and minerals.But to get a rich harvest of this fruit, it is necessary to know some of the rules of farming.We can not say that it is very capricious currants.Cultivation and care for this crop does not cause much trouble.It is necessary to carry out some activities depending on the season, and then the plant will enjoy a rich harvest, and its beauty.Everything from planting to prepare for the winter, we will discuss in this article.
Types currant
Today, thanks to the work of breeders, many varieties of currants displayed.Recent hybrids are highly resistant to pests and diseases, as well as increased productivity.There are three main types of plants are more familiar to gardeners.It is a white, red and black currants.Each of them has a lot of varieties, which differ in ripening time and some other features.
varieties of black currant
This kind of a whimsical and requires careful maintenance.He is represented by a wide range of varieties, which differ in a pleasant taste.Fruits of Culture, as you might guess from the name, black.Summer Resident - a high yielding currants, cultivation and care is fairly simple.It has a very large berries, juicy and delicious.By mid-season varieties include Vologda berry is sweet and sour, Bagheera with large sweet fruits, juicy with sweet and sour berries large, Orlovsky waltz and black pearls.By the late representatives of this type include Sophia having large sweet fruits, and Tatyana's Day - a plant with a sour-sweet berries of large size.
varieties of red currant Red currant
is very popular among gardeners.It does not require careful maintenance, easy to dilution and gives a good harvest.Sort Transdanubia has a sweet-sour berries and refers to is middle.You can also mark and junks torn aunt, with large and amazing to taste the fruits.The early class includes Natalie, Sugar, Early Tolmachev and early sweet.
varieties white currant
third type - a white currant.Cultivation and care of these shrubs is the same as for the red currant.These two species are very close to each other.There are two main varieties: White grape, which has a very tasty and sweet berries, and white productivity, with sweet and sour fruits large, late-ripening.Among the many varieties of every gardener can choose the one that will have the most to his taste.
importance of vernal care
Prepare plants for awakening should begin early spring, after the frost.It was during this period laid the foundation for future harvest.That also requires currants?Cultivation and care for the spring of this culture - the event is not complicated, but it requires certain skills and knowledge.It is necessary to ensure a sufficient amount of moisture the plant.During this period begins intensive growth, for which the drought is devastating.Therefore, we must, if possible, hold meltwater or make regular watering.During this period, important pruning bushes and freeing them from the old branches.They will do no good, and will hinder the full development of the plants.Also, it is necessary to remove part of the young shoots, leaving some of the most powerful.It is very beneficial effect on the development of currant hot shower, which frees the bush by the larvae of pests.Of course, it brings great benefit to loosening the soil and fertilizing.This basic agricultural practices to be carried out in the early fall.Cultivation and care of currants, of course, not limited to the above actions, but at least this will provide a good harvest.We'll talk about this in more detail.
Crop currant spring
Some believe that you can do without this event.But trimming bushes currant is very important.Why is that?Firstly, every year, if not decimate the plant, there will be a reduction in yield.Second, the dense thickets - a perfect breeding ground for pests and diseases.Third, the life of a plant without pruning reduced.If you do not neglect this advice, then for a long time to grow tasty and flavorful currants.Cultivation and care (trimming as you've probably already realized, it is one of the most important stages) must be correct - only in this case, the culture will delight the gardener abundant harvest.
Technology pruning
conduct this operation in early spring, after the snow melts.At this point, the kidneys have not yet blossomed, and the plant will take pruning painless.However, if the time lost, and the winter was not very harsh, a later date is also acceptable.Then very well be visible shoots, which are not transferred hibernation.As a result of pruning the old branches are replaced by more productive, which increases the lifespan of the plant.Black currants can produce a crop for five years, and red and white - for eight years.
To start cut off all the shoots, leaving a few buds.This applies to young plants.The next year should be made more strong shoots, and the rest cut to the ground.The remaining young branches cut off about a third.The third year again, leaving no more than four suckers, and remove the rest of the root.Later, when the shrub is fully formed, you just have to remove the old and the frozen branches.They are distinguished by the color of bark and young shoots are much weaker.
Spring showers
Many experienced gardeners have their own tricks, which arises from the use of good and yields of currants.Cultivation and care - it is a certain set of procedures that will improve the quality of the crop.For one of these techniques is a hot shower.Spend it in the early spring, before the leaves bloom.For this prepare water whose temperature is not more than 70 degrees.Then, from watering a plant abundantly watered.Hot water gets rid of wintering pests in the bush without damaging the plant itself.This simple procedure is very effective.But do not exceed the specified limits of temperature, so as not to hurt currants.Cultivation and care (illness greatly harm the process, so try to avoid such troubles) will be more productive if you follow the above recommendations.Here's talk about what to do, if you avoid infecting the culture did not succeed, and the measures of prevention.
detect the presence of the mite
very important for spring processing plants against pests.This applies not only currants, and plants and all.Diseases and pests significantly reduce productivity and lead to the death of the bushes.First of all, when they begin to blossom buds, currant, check for ticks.Check this pest is very easy.The kidneys of the infected bushes are swollen and have the shape of head.If damage to a small area, it is necessary to remove the damaged kidney and pour boiling water over them to prevent the spread of the pest.If the currant is damaged completely, it is best to remove the hive.
Prevention and control of pests
early spring when the snow melts, can be treated with currants nitrafenom.This will be an excellent prevention of disease and the occurrence of pests.After the appearance of the leaves and buds of the bushes sprayed karbofosom.Particular attention should be paid currant flowers.They must not be deformed and have a double edge.If they are infected, they become bluish color.This shrub will not bear fruit, ovary just disappear.Methods of dealing with the disease there, so you just need to uproot the infected plant.It is often found on the currant mildew.It occurs due to excess moisture and improper watering.To protect the culture of the disease, it must be treated with a solution of soap and soda ash.Spraying is carried out twice, at weekly intervals.In 10 liters of water need to take 50 grams of each substance.
Blackcurrant: care
greatest attention to his demands blackcurrant.Cultivation and care for this plant are slightly different from the activities performed in relation to other species.This refers to the moisture-loving culture.Black currant loves well-lit areas.An ideal location for its landing may be well moistened, understated, well-illuminated areas that are protected from the wind.However, too wetlands are not suitable for cultivation of this plant.In such circumstances, high risk of occurrence of various diseases and pests.This sort of currant does not tolerate acidic soils.Therefore, the year before planting should be made of 0.5 kilograms of lime per square meter plot and dig soil.The rest of the agricultural machinery is no different from growing other berry bushes.It is necessary to remember pruning, which needs blackcurrant.Cultivation and care of this plant are the same as for other varieties.
Features care red and white currants
These two varieties are the most popular.White and red currants, cultivation and care that requires less effort from the gardeners to have a strong and deep root system.The period of productivity is longer than that of black currant.When planting the plants should be made well in compost, superphosphate and potassium chloride.But this should be done with caution, so that the roots are not in contact with the fertilizer.These plants also like the sun and moisture.Every three years, it is necessary to make fertilizer and crop annually.
Mulching
What more needs currants?Cultivation and care of the garden - it's a big job, but at the same time - it is also possible to obtain a rich harvest of juicy, delicious fruit.To do this, use all methods of cultivation.In the spring you need to fill up the soil under the bushes ash and mineral fertilizers.We make these two components in a small amount, and then gently loosen the soil.Dig in great depth the ground is not necessary, because as you may damage the roots, which are located at the currant is not very deep.Then spread a layer of decomposed organic matter, mulch.It will protect the plant throughout the season from pests, preserved in the soil and drought.Mulching will provide additional fertilizing shrubs and weeds would get.
Watering currant
Currant - water-loving plant.Its roots are located not very deep, and it can not secure a sufficient amount of moisture due to groundwater.Therefore, irrigation is so important for good growth and future harvest.Lack of moisture affects the amount of fruits and their quantities.This does not require frequent watering currants.Cultivation and care farms have shown that the binding is just a good soil moisture during certain periods.Typically, this spring - a time of growth and the formation of ovaries (about May and beginning of June).Next there is a process of maturation in which the drying of the soil should not be allowed.We are talking about June.Finally, the time of harvest - in August and September, depending on the variety.During these periods, it is especially important that the plants get enough moisture.If the fall does not differ abundance of precipitation, it is necessary to carry out the pre-winter watering in October.In any case, a good moisturizing the ground to a depth of 30-40 centimeters.Under each plant should be poured about 3-5 buckets of water.
Autumn Care
After harvesting a good crop you need to take care of the plants and make everything that next year you again pleased with currants.Cultivation and care in the fall are in the following events.Firstly, it is necessary to fertilize shrubs.During flowering, growth and fruiting currant spent a lot of forces that need to be filled, in addition, it is useful to make the supply of nutrients that are so necessary for an excellent winter culture.For the dressing use any fertilizer intended for this.In the fall, a refresher trim.It is necessary to remove the lateral branches that have grown over the summer.Young shoots at the base can not touch it, as a pledge of future crops.In late autumn, you can sprinkle a little ground base of the bush.It can be used for this fallen snow.Currants refers to hardiness, but extra care not hurt.With a little effort and perform all the necessary measures, it is safe to wait for a good harvest in the coming year.
