Maple - a tree of great beauty, especially in the fall sometimes, when its crown poured all shades of yellow and red.The color palette is very diverse, there are such colors as yellow, golden yellow, orange, brown, red, purple, olive, lemon, orange and red.
in different parts of the world there are varieties of maple, which are very different crown shape of the leaves, fruit shape and other features, but belong to the same genus - maple (Acer L.), there are about 160 species.Earlier maples Maple belong to the family, is now placed in the family sapindaceae (Sapindaceae).
How to determine the type of maple
Varieties can be distinguished by a maple leaf shape.Maple holly has the familiar outlines - five blades, field maple at them from three to five, at a maple curled it happens to nine, maple Manchurian is in the three leaf petiole.Maple fruits also differ.Dvukrylatki outwardly look like strekozinyh wings that different species under different angles: from maple melkolistogo - at right, from light maple obtuse angle, while the maple field lionfish in a straight line.
How and where to grow maples
usually maples - trees is growing in height from 10 to 40 m, but there are some kinds of maple bush.Such shrubs differ from the base of the trunk a few branches, sometimes reaching ten-meter height.The familiar maples - deciduous, but there are types of maple and evergreen, native to South Asia and the Mediterranean region.
most complete all varieties of maple are presented in the mountainous regions of East Asia.Scientists suggest that this is where it started relocating.Maples grow in Europe, North and Central America, South Asia and North Africa.Interestingly, in Australia and South America, these trees do not occur.
Maples in Russia
in Russia maple appeared a few centuries ago, and was the first rock maple holly, which is planted in the monastery gardens and the boyars.Later in the culture of the park began to use other types of maple - Tatar, Manchu, box elder.Now the vast Russia grows 20 species of maples, of which the most common Tatarian maple, white maple (psevdoplatanovy), field maple, maple, holly (platanolisty).
Maple holly is most prevalent.This is a tall tree (up to 28 m), which has a dense spherical crown.In young trees, the bark is smooth, gray-brown color, eventually becoming almost black and covered with longitudinal cracks.
field maple reaches a height of 15 m, has a trunk with brownish bark and dense spherical crown.It tolerates pruning well, so sometimes used for hedges, but more for group and individual plantings.
Tatarian maple - a small tree with smooth, almost black bark.It has an elegant look not only in the fall, but in the summer, when mature its many pink-red fruit-lionfish.
Maple white (which is also called sycamore) in height can reach 35 meters. It has a large dome-shaped crown.The bark on young trees with white, darkens with age and exfoliates.The wood used in the manufacture of musical instruments for the manufacture of furniture and decorative facing.
As used maple
In old Russia in the spring of maples received maple sap and boil syrup.Now a similar method of birch sap is extracted, but the maple sap forgotten.In Canada, the maple tree is widely used for the production of maple syrup and further industrial sugar.Type of maple used for these purposes, and is called - maple sugar, a piece of which is depicted on the flag of Canada.
For wood used varieties of maple, which grow in the area.For example, in North America it is the sugar maple, in European countries - white maple.
Maples in Japan
Japan Maple especially revered as a symbol of the greatness and eternity.It is often used to create bonsai.Especially cultivated palmate maple.We derive a set of its garden forms, distinguished by the variety of colors of leaves and elegance of their shape.These maple stands can be compared with the most vivid floral arrangements.
In the photo the following varieties of maple:
- photo 1 - field maple leaves;
- photo 2 maple leaves white;
- photo 3 Tatarian maple;
- Photo 4 - maple sugar;
- Photo 5 - Japanese maples.
