In what year was founded Saint Petersburg?This question is very interesting, because this city is called the Northern Palmyra.Its inhabitants are considered to be intellectuals.City for a long time was the capital of the Russian Empire.It abounds in museums, palaces, monuments and culture.
In what year was founded by Saint Petersburg
known that the 27 th May 1703, on the orders of the Russian tsar Peter I on Hare Island began building the fortress.She became the first building in the city, which later received the name of St. Petersburg.The city itself has an artificial origin.
Where was founded Saint Petersburg?Many believe that it is as if grown from nothing in the marshes.However, this is not true.About what year was founded St. Petersburg and how it happened so fast to build, will be discussed further.We outset that the construction was difficult and very costly process.
little history
settlement at the mouth of the Neva river began to be erected, starting from the XIV century, the Swedes (castle Landkrona, 1300) and Novgorod (Ust-Ohta, 1500).In 1611, at the confluence of the Okhta River into the Neva Swedes built a fortress Nienschanz around which soon appeared settlement Nienshtadt (in Swedish - "city on the Neva"), which in 1632 received the status of the city.By the end of the XVII century Nienshtadt became a major trading port, surrounded by a large number of settlements.In 1703 he was captured by Russian troops and renamed Shlotburg.
Initial plans of Peter I
who founded St. Petersburg and what were the prerequisites for this?To protect new territories conquered in the Swedish Ingria during the Northern War, Tsar Peter I decided to build a new castle, which was founded May 27, 1703 on one of the islands in the broadest part of the Neva estuary.And on June 29 at the St. Peter's Day, the fortress was named St. Peter Burhiya (in honor of the apostle Peter).This is another answer to the question of what year was founded St. Petersburg.Initially, in order to accelerate the construction of the walls poured out of the ground.And the creation of masonry structures began three years later.It turns out that the name of the fortress and gave the name of the future city, which began to be erected around it in drained marshes and neighboring islands.
First Petersburg temple, restaurant and marina
in November 1703rd Birch Island opened the first temple of the city - the Trinity.It was originally built of wood.However, a few years later it was rebuilt in stone.The first time, he was the main religious institutions of the new capital.It was here in 1721-m Peter took the imperial title.The area on which the temple had the same name - Trinity.She came out to the river.Neva.Here and organized the first marina of the city.To it has approached the set of ships for loading and unloading.The square was also built the first restaurant and courtyard seating.The island, which was a fortress, has been renamed with a cleft in the city.
Construction
To speed up the construction of stone buildings Peter I banned the construction of stone all over Russia, and with each entering the St. Petersburg levied a special tax.The man had to bring a certain amount of stone or pay the equivalent in cash.The building is also constructed across the river.Shipyard were built.Rebuild Vasilevsky Island, which Peter wanted to make the city center.The construction process was tough, but he who founded St. Petersburg, had the resolve to follow through and knew what to do.
erection of the city, which was planned as a "window to Europe", led by foreign experts, and the construction works were performed by the serfs, and so on. N.state peasants.Latest mobilized for labor service.They were brought from all over Russia.Only about 24 thousand people engaged in logging, draining of swamps and construction of roads.Since 1717 the construction of civilian people were involved.At this point, it has lost about 6% from 300 thousand construction workers.
first performed utilitarian buildings and, above all, the defense function.Anyone who founded St. Petersburg, Russia wanted to establish a presence in this region for centuries.Soon, construction has become even more widespread and began to spend more carefully and systematically.Works were supervised by professional architects.The 1706th to manage all the work and the issues was created Office of Urban Affairs.In 1716-m it was adopted by the primary plan for the city, designed by the architect Domenico Trezzini, who worked in the city since its foundation.It is according to this plan, the center had planned to place on Vasilyevsky Island.Such was the whim of the king.The island is washed by two canals of the Neva.He had planned to cover the geometrically regular grid of streets, and for drainage channels do.Soon, however, the construction was headed by Jean-Baptiste Leblond.
capital of the empire
Yes, Peter the Great founded St. Petersburg.Gradually the city was successfully rebuilt and grew.The first foreign ship arrived in Havana in 1703.In the 1705th the city experienced flooding, and in 1712-th St. Petersburg became the capital of Russia.These were transferred to all government agencies and the court of the emperor.Given that the Great Northern War at the time was not yet completed, it is a unique historical precedent - the capital of the state is on the ground of the other.St. Petersburg remained the capital of Russia until 1918, when it was re-declared Moscow.
In 1709, in St. Petersburg was opened Russia's first public school, in 1719-m - the first museum (Kunstkamera).In 1724-m it was created Petersburg Academy of Sciences.In 1728 the company launched the first Russian newspaper published.In 1851 St. Petersburg was connected with Moscow 451-kilometer railway.
Throughout its existence, the city was renamed several times (in Petrograd in 1914 and Leningrad in 1924).In 1991, he was returned to the original name.It is the third largest among the cities of Europe.In 1725th the population of St. Petersburg is about 40 thousand people, most of whom were soldiers, residents of neighboring villages, as well as fortified assigned to the city for the construction work.By the end of the century there were about 200 thousand inhabitants.Now St. Petersburg is home to more than 5 million people.
Present
1 Peter founded St. Petersburg and the city became a pearl of the country.Currently, it has about 1,200 streets and over 70 churches.Tourists will not leave indifferent attractions such as Kronstadt, Gostiny Dvor, St. Peter and Paul Cathedral and the Peter and Paul Fortress, the Winter Palace, the Hermitage, the Kunstkamera and others.Come to the city on the Neva, be partakers of the history of your country!
