Today all drills used in agriculture can be classified according to the type used in the opener anchor and disc drills.Disc coulter is now most prevalent, as more fully meet the needs of farms in the quality sowing with high performance.Drills with disc coulters as grain and row crops, have a number of advantages over the anchor:
- better retain moisture as it does not loosen soil as an anchor, and only cut it;
- require less energy and thus fuel as they have less resistance;
- can more accurately replicate the relief of the soil, and hence provide a uniform seeding depth, using independent sections with a parallelogram suspension.
- do not require a perfect preparation of the soil, and are often used in the minimally treated and untreated fields of technology no-till, and thus, again saving on soil preparation;
- allow the sow at a higher speed, and thus more productive.
Among stubble drills more than 90% just disc.They work on the unprepared soil fertility and a 100% advantage of the disc opener.
Anchor drills.Their main advantage - low prices.If the economy of 400-600 hectares of land for row crops would be enough for one anchor drills.Frankly, the difference in price of 10 thousand. Euro can not be recouped by the benefits that gives the disc opener, even for 2-3 years.
all modern drills are divided into 2 groups according to the type of sowed crops on row crops and grain, and each group is divided by the type of system used in the pneumatic and mechanical.For row machines often use the term - precision seeder.
in grain seeders traditionally the most common mechanical sowing machines - coil, where the main thing - to provide the necessary rate per hectare.The main advantage of mechanical drills - low cost, simple structure, no injury to the seeds.
In recent years, due to the need to produce wide-sowing complexes, their construction is actively used pneumatic system.It has a little less stable sowing a little more traumatic for the seeds, but it is easier to set up and allows you to increase productivity seed complex several times both in width, and the number of downloads seed hopper.
The drill for row crops important to the accuracy of seeding and the absence of doubles, both factors have a direct impact on productivity.For precision seeders most widely used pneumatic sowing machines in which the vacuum is created by the central exhauster.The advantages of these seeding apparatus can deliver the highest quality of sowing regardless of the size and configuration of the seed.Disadvantage - pneumatic precision seeder much more mechanical.
mechanical sowing machine for precision seeders often used for beets, corn and soybeans.Feature for his row planter is that it has a seed discs that mimic the size and configuration of the seed.In this regard, for farms with sunflower in the rotation, and especially the various sunflower hybrids, the use of precision seed drills with mechanical sowing apparatus - is not recommended.Although there are opposite examples when experts are absolutely satisfied with the work of the "mechanics" of sunflower.
