There is not a single person who would not like folk tales, songs and dances.There you can find everything - immediacy, sparkling humor, subtle and daring melancholy joy.And, perhaps most importantly, what attracts them the modern man - the unique charm of antiquity and a nostalgic flavor of ancient times.So, folklore - what is it and what are its main features?
basic definition
come folklore called the collective creativity of the people, expressed his vision and ideals, as well as serving as a full reflection of his mentality.Usually it is a verbal creation - epics, tales, proverbs, charms, riddles.In considering the question of folklore - what it is, not to mention the very meaning of the word.Translated «Folk-lore» - literally "folk wisdom" or "popular knowledge".In common parlance, the term introduced in 1846 the English explorer William Toms.
In our country a huge contribution to the study of the field of culture have many educated people - M. Lomonosov, ASPushkin, G. Derzhavin, Nikolai Roerich, IIShishkin and many other writers, artists, historians and scientists.After the revolution, great attention to the issue of folklore - what it is, gave Maxim Gorky.It is thanks to this major proletarian writer developed the basic problems of the Soviet folklore.
Key Features
So folklore - what is it and what are its symptoms?The main features of folk art can be called illiterate, verbal, of course, collective and profound traditional.It is, in fact, the only area of culture, on which the state and the authority can not have absolutely no influence.For centuries, from father to son transferred tales, epics and legends.In addition to the literary sphere of mentality and tradition manifested in all other areas of folk art - in dance, music, etc.
basic types and genres of folklore
The main literary genres of folk art can be attributed epic, riddles, proverbs and lamentation.Oral traditions, dance, crafts and songs - the main varieties of the actual folklore.This is to provide its views ritual.This area of art usually has pagan roots and is manifested as a kind of opposition between the new religion.However, this is not always the case.For example, in the years of the Soviet Union, when we were not allowed any cults, greatly distinguished himself is a Christian ritual folklore.In light of this folk art can be regarded as a reflection of a confrontation and even the common people and the authorities, and any.
of folklore reflects the experience of thousands of years.And no matter at what stage of social development is that some people, fairy tales and epics are one of the most valuable sources of knowledge of its history.Perhaps the Russian minion of fortune Ivan the Fool, beautiful Vasilisa villain Bag of Bones, the Greek Prometheus and Hercules, the German Freya, the Scandinavian trolls, etc.able to tell what events took place on the ground in ancient times, much more than it may seem at first glance.
