worthy descendant of the great Vladimir Monomakh, his seventh son - Yuri Dolgoruky - went down in history not only as a Russian Grand Prince of Kiev and the share of Rostov-Suzdal, founder of Moscow.He left a memory of himself as a man of ambitious, energetic, just going to the goal.Mixed assessment of his life and work, however, as the case, the actions and decisions of many of the great generals of the old vremen.N.Karamzin said about him as a person, noting the transformation of the eastern expanses of ancient Russia: a base of many cities and villages, roads and churches, the spread of Christianity.He also argues that, having a hard character and differing kind-heartedness, not Dolgoruky ceremony with enemies and rebellious nobles, earning activity of the opposition.
Birth
biography of Prince Yuri Dolgoruky quite blurred, as many facts from the life of the prince historians have to guess, comparing the meager chronicles evidence.Did not reach us accurate information about the date of his birth: Different sources name different figures, and analyzing them, we can say with certainty only that he was born in the period from 1090 till 1097-th year.For the prescription of these events, we do not know which of the wives of Monomakh (first or second) was the mother of George.And let's not dwell on that fact.The main thing is that this person has committed a lot of glorious deeds.
Strengthening Northeast Russian land
participation in the most famous and successful campaign in 1111 to Polovtsian host as part of the Russian princes was the first victory of Yuri daughter of the Polovtsian Khan became his first wife.Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, whose biography emphasizes that expect to inherit the throne of Kiev, he could not, as one of the younger sons of Monomakh, with 1113 becoming the ruler of specific Rostov-Suzdal principality, almost outskirts of Russia between the Oka and Volgi.On engaged mainly transform andthe strengthening of this area, the construction of cities and temples.Yuri Dolgoruky, the first prince of the ruling on the lands entrusted to him for more than forty years.Strengthening of the Rostov-Suzdal region and its borders decorated Yuri Dolgoruky (reign led to the creation of the North-Eastern Russia many walled cities) to strengthen their influence and position.
Strengthening Christianity
build cities, the prince did not forget about the dissemination of the Orthodox Christian faith, building magnificent temples.Until now, it is revered as the founder of many churches and monasteries, including St. George Monastery in Vladimir-on-Klyazma, Borisoglebskii - on the River Nerl Church of Our Lady in Suzdal, Church of St. George in Vladimir and St. George, Church of the Savior in Pereslavl-Zalessky andSuzdal.
Movies and
victory in 1120 at the behest of his father, Yuri Dolgoruky led a successful campaign together with Polovtsy - Turkic nomads - against the Volga Bulgars, who inhabited the lands of modern Tatarstan, Chuvashia, Samara and Penza regions.Biography of Yuri Dolgoruky not full of military victories - he rarely fought, but having infinite courage and skill of the commander, used these qualities to achieve their goals.Probably, it was a fairly educated man understands the need for unification of Russian lands.He participated in the process, strengthening the northeast Rusi.S 1125 capital of the land instead of getting Rostov Suzdal.Principality became known as the Rostov-Suzdal land.
Aspirations Prince
Consolidating its position in the north-east of Russia, Prince Yury Dolgoruky is committed to southern ownership unattainable in Kiev, where "doing big politics."It is for this activity chroniclers called Yuri Dolgoruky.After the death of Vladimir Monomakh in 1125 inherited the throne of Kiev, his eldest son Mstislav, then (after his death in 1139) - Yaropolk Vladimirovich, soon to cede power to Vyacheslav Vladimirovich - the sixth son of Monomakh.
Princely contentions were widespread, and the struggle for power at all times remain the most brutal and unscrupulous.In the period from 1146 till the year 1154, Prince Yury Dolgoruky trying to win power in Kiev.This becomes the main objective of his life.During this time he twice conquers the throne from my nephews - sons of Mstislav, but can not hold it.Join the Kiev throne, he manages to March 20, 1155 by succession after the death of his brother and the sixth son of Monomakh - Vyacheslav Vladimirovich.Short reign of Yuri in the city of the Golden Gate was not calm, but he died May 15, 1157, having carried out his dream of being a Grand Prince of Kiev.
Ground Moscow
first mention of Moscow in the ancient chronicles dated 1147.Biography of Yuri Dolgoruky and chronicles evidence that time argued that the construction of the city began after a meeting with Prince Svyatoslav II of Kiev in a small settlement on the Moscow reke.God first mention of Moscow was regarded as the date of its foundation.Yuri Dolgoruky closely followed the development of the city in 1156 on the orders of his future capital was strengthened by a moat and a new wooden walls.Around the same time it began the construction of a wooden Kremlin.
wives and children
Biography Yuri Dolgoruky mentions two marriages Prince.The first wife was Polovchanka, whose name has not been preserved in the annals, the second name was Olga.These marriages brought Yuri eleven sons and two daughters.Unfortunately, the historical documents not saved any details about the family relations of the prince.It is not clear, and the last name of the daughter of the ruler.
Feature Yuri Dolgoruky in the ancient chroniclers very unflattering: extremely unpopular among the people of Kiev contributed to the heavy nature of the prince, his cunning and resourcefulness in achieving their tseley.Vozmozhno, this was the cause of his death.Chroniclers do not deny the possibility of poisoning of Yuri.However, despite all the contradictions of the strong nature, unequivocal fact: Yuri Dolgoruky, a short biography that emphasizes conduct tough policy, much to the strengthening and unity of Russia as a great state.
