soil heating and lighting of any territory are directly dependent on thermal zone in which it is located.This, in turn, affects the geographical latitude.
What is the thermal zone?
Solar heat differently enters the high and low latitudes.This is due to the fact that the different angles of our light rays to the earth's surface.Hence the notion of the climate.The area is located to the north, the less heat it receives per unit area.This is associated with a lower elevation of the sun at midday.
The word "climate" in Greek means "slope".It depends on the geographical location of a particular location and is determined by atmospheric pressure, humidity and an average temperature throughout the year.
On Earth three heat zones.This is a moderate, hot and cold.Each of them has its own distinctive features.
cold climate zone
It is located near the Arctic Circle, is located in the Northern and Southern hemisphere.Pole planet maximally distant from the equator, and in connection with this sun sends them only slanting.That is why in these areas, the land heats up very slightly.
Winters in these territories long and harsh and summers are short and cool.There are a few months of the year, when the polar circle to the sun's rays do not reach at all.This period is the polar night.The temperature at this time there can be down to eighty-nine degrees.
Temperate zone
These thermal zones are also located in the two hemispheres.On their territory slightly slanting rays of the sun warm the earth in the winter.In summer, the sun shines on them more intensively.Are moderate thermal zone between the Arctic Circle and the two parallels.To the north is the Tropic of Cancer and in the south - the Tropic of Capricorn.
sun in these zones is never in its zenith.Therefore, it is not very warm soil and air.Moderate heat zones are characterized by clear lines of seasons.Here, there are winter, summer, autumn and spring.At this temperature the nature of these seasons varies.The closer to the area of the Arctic Circle, the winter is colder in its territory.Conversely, warmer summers and longer at the approach of the territory to the tropics.
Torrid Zone
Above this area the sun always rises high and sends it direct beams.That is why it is constantly high temperature.The dominance of this belt in the tropics.The winter period in this area is the rainy season and the summer is characterized by drought.
Hot thermal belt of the Earth is located between the northern and southern tropics around the equator.Twice during the year, namely at noon on June 22 and December 22, the sun's rays fall into the area almost vertically, ie at an angle of ninety degrees.From the soil surface heats the air.That is why throughout the year in this area is hot.Only within this belt of palm trees.
Thus, thermal belt of the world represented by the five zones.They include two cold, two moderate and one hot.Sometimes in cold thermal zones isolated region of eternal frost.It is located directly next to the pole, and the average annual temperature here does not rise above zero.
thermal belt of Russia - it is cold and temperate.To the north of the country is characterized by a harsh climate.At the same time there is a change of the polar winter and the polar summer.More southern area have a mild climate and a pronounced seasonality.
Nature cold thermal belt
polar areas of our planet is constantly covered with snow and ice.It is the coldest area of the Earth.The Arctic, which refers to the polar regions of the Northern Hemisphere, runs through Alaska.It includes the island of Greenland.It located in the north polar region of Canada and Russia.
Antarctica, located in the southern hemisphere, is the south polar area.It is the continent of Antarctica.
Cold thermal zone, which is characterized by lack of heat, has no forests.The soil in these areas is swamped.In some places you can find areas of permafrost.The most severe climate is observed at the poles.There arise marine or continental ice.Vegetation usually absent or lichens and moss.
live on the territory of the cold zone is mainly migratory birds.Especially a lot of them on the islands of the Arctic Ocean.There are in the area and the animals.They migrate from the more southern regions for the period of the summer season.Fauna is represented by owls and foxes, polar mice and reindeer, polar bears, walruses, seals and penguins.
Nature moderate thermal zone
territory of these climatic zones receive more light and heat.There is not such a harsh winter.Summer in moderate thermal zone is not very hot.The sun is never over these territories at its zenith.Therefore, the climate mild temperate zones, and changing it from a warm to a cold place gradually.In these areas, there are four seasons: summer, spring, winter and autumn.
moderate thermal zone passes through the territory of the United Kingdom, Europe.It is located North Asia and North America.In the Southern Hemisphere temperate zone is located in the waters of three oceans.Thus, 98% of its area occupied by water.Temperate zone in the southern hemisphere passes through the territory of Australia and New Zealand.It covers the south of South Africa and South America.
nature of this heat belt is very diverse.This mixed forests, taiga, desert and semi-desert and steppe.
rather homogeneous fauna.Basically, it is represented by forest animals who are sedentary.In less common fauna open area - steppes and deserts.
Nature hot thermal zone
In this area there is a large part of Africa.The hot zone is located south of India and Asia.Get in the zone Central America, New Guinea, northern Australia and northern South America.
Near the equator there is no seasonality.Throughout the year in these areas it is very warm and humid.
frying heat belt is characterized savanna, evergreen tropical forests and woodlands.In some areas of desert and semi-desert located.
fauna differs extraordinary diversity.This bird of prey and run, hippos and antelopes, elephants and zebras, buffalo and so on. D.
