mlechniki mushrooms - great brotherhood mushrooms Russula family.Their name - a direct translation from the Latin name Lactrarius.They received the name due to the fact that these fungi do not have filaments, and during the breaking milkweed.Some members of this genus it is slaboedkim, and some emit corrosive poison milk.
The genus are known and loved all the mushrooms and mushrooms, as well as volnushki, krasnushki Gladyshev, spurge and many others.Mlechniki - mushrooms, prefers moist soils in coniferous and deciduous forests.The main period of the appearance - the end of July.Meet some of the species can be up to the beginning of October.
Appearance mlechnikov familiar to all.A striking example - the ubiquitous mushrooms.The only thing that changed - the color of hats, which varies from white to gray, brown, red and brown.Mushroom mlechnik, photos are presented in the article, the appearance of the land has a first convex plate hat with wrapped inside edge, later it is revealed and becomes like a saucer with a depressed center or funnel, and the edges begin to Shaggy.The surface is dry or wet, mucous.Some fungi it velvety.Some fungi have mlechniki hat to 5 centimeters in diameter, and some giants grow up to 15 centimeters in diameter.The legs are usually the same color with a hat or a little lighter.Its length varies depending on the habitat of the fungus (height of grass or moss) - from a few millimeters to 6-7 centimeters.The legs are hollow or dense.The body is permeated with mushroom channels through which flows a milky juice.He usually white, that is in the air begins to darken and stain fungus itself.Given that some mushrooms mlechniki very fragile and susceptible to damage by touching them with the time to appear so-called "burns" - dark spots, which in a very short time spread over the entire surface.Incidentally, this fragility was reflected in the title fungus Gruzdev.According to scientists, the etymology of the word comes Lactarius Lactarius, which translated from Lithuanian means "unbreakable."However, there is another version of the origin of the name - from the word "gruzdno" - mushrooms growing crowd, "clusters" in large groups.
mlechniki Fungi are found everywhere.The area of ​​distribution is quite extensive.In total there are about 120 species, 90 of which are found in the entire former Soviet Union.In Europe, these mushrooms are considered poisonous and not eaten, but to the Russians with great pleasure that many of them collected.They are ideal for preparations for the winter.They are salted and pickled, some kinds of dried and then used for flavoring first and second courses, as well as in the preparation of a variety of mushroom sauce.
mlechniki mushrooms used in pharmacology.Some species of mushrooms get laktariovilin - an antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis, as well as diseases of the kidneys and gallbladder.The juice contains a substance gorkushi, inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.
