Nikolay Nekrasov at the time of the writing of this poem has gained fame.His poem "Who Lives Well in Russia" and "Frost, Red Nose" was loved by the people.Published poet magazine "Contemporary" was the mouthpiece of democracy.We collaborated with the magazine LNTolstoy, FyodorDostoevsky, ISTurgenev, MESaltkov-Shchedrin, IAGoncharov, A.Ostrovsky.
In 1864 created Nekrasov's poem "Railway".Summary of the works will be discussed in this article.
historical situation at the time of writing the poem
triumphant revolutionary democrats reaction felt not only Nekrasov."Railroad" - a short story about how in the narrow confines between hunger and overwork was made all the people.Gone from the life of defenders of the people, the critics of the sixties, which was called "the conscience of the people's": Dobrolyubov and Pisarev.I went to a distant link Chernyshevsky.
power in 1861, unprepared, landslide abolition of serfdom.It is known that 75% of estates in feudal Russia were non-mechanized.Patriarchal village opened to capitalist relations.It began landslide devastation inefficient farms.On the labor market got a huge mass of almost gratuitous labor.Former peasants went to any work practically for food.Emerging social disaster.As speculation about the fate of Russia in his journal "Contemporary" he published his poem Nekrasov as "railroad".Summary it immediately became the subject of discussion in all Russian society.
plot poem
most dramatic work of Nekrasov begins casually.Like watercolor painted her first poetic lines.Late Autumn, "ice fragile", "icy river", but the leaves of the trees still had not managed to "fade."Lyrically begins his story Nekrasov."Railroad" their content reveals to the reader intentionally gradually.
Underage son in armyachke coachman and his father-general set off by rail.Son asked about who built it, my father named the "builder", "Count Pyotr Andreyevich Kleinmichel ..." But the child fell asleep in the road really dreamed about this building, like a thriller.Only under the fear of starvation could decide on such a job.To live in a mud hut, eat poorly, have virtually no rest, suffer from cold and damp, and thus exhausting work for 12-14 hours.Work dispute.Judah-foremen recorded failures each.When it came time to calculate, foremen released fines, the outstanding each.For payments made quite a bit, and sometimes even the builders were due.Then the workers "gave" a barrel of wine, and the question of payment, therefore, was shot in principle.Recalcitrant pinpointing death.Died of disease and exhaustion were buried there.The road is practically built on the bones.
sneaky system, is not it, puts on the court of the Russian public Nekrasov?"Railroad" summary of its direct opposition to the officially accepted point of view.Her idea - the belief in the people, who, after all, will find a worthy destiny (pave "a broad, clear the way ...).Incidentally, this is the product with the "gnashing of teeth" reminded him censors when two years later closed the magazine "Contemporary", where it was printed.
But in people's memory remains the memory, when crushed by repression society proudly and loudly sounded work Nekrasov "railroad."Summary should be perceived as an attempt by the author to "see the light", overcoming "the midnight darkness" terry reaction.
Conclusion
history presented this poem is true and shows the true picture of construction Nikolaev railway.He supervised its construction unquestioningly loyal to Nicholas I of Railways Minister Adjutant General Kleinmichel Pyotr Andreyevich.The Emperor was proud of his subordinates.Honouring his achievements, even minted nominal gold medal, which flaunted the slogan "Zeal overcomes everything."Its style of construction organization was quick, but always accompanied by a number of human deaths.People fiercely hated Kleinmichel.Therefore, the new Emperor Alexander II, who became the throne, hastened to change the post of this odious figure.
