Few people have any doubt about what the ocean is the coldest on the planet.Without a doubt, this is the Arctic.It is located between the continents such as North America and Eurasia, occupying an area of just over 13 million square kilometers.In the southern part of the ocean is almost entirely included within the Arctic Circle.The average depth is of 1225 meters, while the largest - 5527 meters.
coldest ocean on the planet in the middle of a deep oval basin the size of 2250 x 1130 kilometers.It is also known as the Polar or Arctic basin.Nearly half of the ocean floor is a shelf, within which a large number of individual islands and archipelagos.These include Greenland, New Siberian Islands, North and Novaya Zemlya, Svalbard and others.It should be noted that the coldest ocean in the world has a single island of oceanic origin.
Precipitation falls here mainly in the form of snow, while the rains are rare.Throughout the year a large part of the area covered by sea ice thickness is an average of three meters.For its western region is characterized by wind north-western and northern areas, which are the main cause of severe arctic climate.In the eastern part of the basin is dominated by the south-western and southern winds, therefore the coldest ocean here has a mild climate.
air warms up in the summer is not much.Its average temperature in different parts of the Arctic Ocean varies from two to twelve degrees below zero degrees Celsius.In winter, it can be omitted here below minus forty degrees.In the winter storms often occur.
coldest ocean on the planet can boast a wealth of flora and fauna.The reason for this is the harsh climatic conditions and widespread ice.The most developed organic world in the region where there is a continuous connection to the Atlantic Ocean, in other words - in the White, Barents and Kara Seas.It is home to about two thousand species (among which the whales), as well as a huge number of fish.In those waters, which fall into the water from the warm currents on the coasts of the island and the rocks you can find a variety of birds.
In the area of Alaska, Canada and eastern Siberia organic world is very poor.The same situation is in the central part of the Arctic Ocean, which is covered with ice throughout the year.It is represented mainly by phytoplankton diatoms.Some of them live on the ice surface.With regard to the zooplankton, the coldest ocean on the planet in this part inhabit less than eighty species and fish predominate among saffron cod, polar cod and cod.On the outskirts of perennial ice is often possible to meet seals, walrus, beluga, narwhal and other ocean mammals.Their fishing is now strictly prohibited and monitored by numerous international instruments.The brightest representative terrestrial fauna here is the polar bear.
