So, to begin to answer is not a new question that arises for many students and not only: "XVIII - What is the age?"Let's try to understand it in this article.
Mystery Latin numbers, or the answer to the question: "XVIII - What is the age?"
People often complain that the Roman numerals for them is very difficult.In fact, nothing difficult here.All is subject to the understandable logic.
So, if the number of XVIII it must decipher, since the very beginning.Thus, X - is ten.Accordingly, the number is clearly greater than 10, as the remaining digits to the right of the main stand.The fact is that if we had a number IX, it would be for 9 as a unit on the left is subtracted from 10. So, are investigated further.V - it is 5, and the last part, respectively, 3. All items are summarized and get ready number - 18. But in parallel with the question of, XVIII - what a century, there is another difficulty.What year can be attributed to the 18th century - the 1750 th or 1829 th?The answer is only one: 1750, because 1829 will be the 19 th century.
history of the 18th century.Education
So when we understand where a century, will focus on the history of this period.Let's start with the fact that in the XVIII century Europe experienced a great event in its history - the Enlightenment.This term is familiar to many.You may be wondering: XVIII - what a century, but we can not know the characteristics of the phenomenon.Each country is going its own way.But what was common to all - is the collapse of feudalism.
Enlightenment - a natural process that inevitably began with the fall of the feudal system.It tends to be humanistic and formal law, seeing in it a guarantee of freedom and a better life.Education as a phenomenon, not only affected the intellectual development of Europe.It boldly criticized the outdated and obsolete forms of life and way of life, preserved since the Middle Ages.
basic ideas of the English Enlightenment
Thus, Locke highlighted the moral qualities and landmarks, considering the state as the agreement of people.He believed that only a natural regulator of interpersonal and social relations are the rules of morality, morality and behavior.
They were to be established, according to the philosopher, "for universal acquiescence."History of the XVIII century completely defined the future path of development in many countries, including the UK.British figures of the Enlightenment believed that the ultimate goal - not the happiness of society and the happiness of the individual, personal elevation.
Locke also stressed that all human beings are born with a set of powers and abilities that will help them to reach virtually all.But the continuing efforts as philosopher believed, contribute to the realization of the pledged in each building.Only the personal creative effort will help a person to succeed in life.In saying this, the British philosophers of the 18th century, very accurately grasped the need of the society at that time.
French Enlightenment
In contrast to the ideas of the British Enlightenment, Rousseau highlights the society, rather than a single individual.According to his ideas, originally belonged to the public all the power, but then they betrayed the power of rulers, so that they act in their interests.Rousseau was a proponent of democratic-republican state.Civil equality will only be achieved if every citizen can participate in the management.
Montesquieu, in turn, insists that the constitution of any country has to adapt to the climate, and to religion and to the character of the people.Also, the philosopher considers the best form of government the republican form.But, seeing in modern states the possibility to implement it, it stops at a constitutional monarchy.In this case, the governor will belong only to the executive branch and the legislature - elected parliament.
