It is difficult to speak clearly about where and when exactly the first money.The emergence of money was not a one-time result of a long development of social and political relations of human societies in different parts of the Earth.Moreover, in the different periods.At the dawn of humanity did not exist the concept of "money."The emergence of money due to the later time.At the same time, in primitive societies, people practiced the simple exchange of household items and valuables, such as pitchers, furs, arrowheads and so on.However, such a barter rather inconvenient, because the value of different things or food are always different.
emergence and development money
Actually, with the gradual development of natural commodity exchange there are the first objects of their own value and are the equivalent of the cost of any specific thing.These were the first money.The emergence of money today historians associate primarily with bullion or precious metal shards.They did not yet have a specific form, but accounted for the value of the collateral, which can already be counted on any product.This development has pushed people to the next logical move.New form of money became certain items, goods or animals.For example, in Ethiopia's population was calculated bars of salt in India for the exchange of cowrie shells were used, even the tribes of the Aztecs used cocoa beans.Such things were not more money in the full sense of the word, but anticipated their appearance.And the essence of money becomes evident: they must be a universal equivalent of exchange, which can be measured by any potential goods.
Requirements money
However, elements of any monetary system must meet a specific set of rules: they should not be spoiled by the constant transfer from hand to hand, and with the passage of time;They should be light and mobile for permanent wear with them;they must be separated in case you have to pay less (for example, the name of the modern Russian currency "ruble" and comes from the process when large coins were cut into smaller).
emergence of financial systems
All these requirements are best met just metal products, which in ancient times began to acquire a specific and certain forms.For example, it is known that in the VII century BC in Lydia already existed such money.The emergence of money at the same time can not be clearly attributed to a particular region and time.The first coins in shape resembling a modern, appeared in China.But there they have a hole in the center, which is located as a rope worn around the neck.Like the Chinese tradition of copper and silver neck hoops medieval Slavs cut pieces and paying them.And because hoops worn on the back of his neck, and the fragments are called "hryvnia", which was later passed on the coin of the Kievan princes.
