After installation Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the first failed attempts to start the installation, society began to spread the view that the LHC poses a potential danger.Nuclear physicists had hoped to study the behavior of particles and new discoveries in physics, and many people are unfamiliar with the subject, on the contrary, listening to science fiction, his works draw in a variety of disaster (the appearance of a black hole, a devastating explosion, etc.).However, after a while after the start of a series of experiments, it became clear that many dangers proved to be groundless.
But in the summer of 2012, when it was announced that during one of the experiments, the two sensors was recorded Higgs boson, even the most convinced skeptics have changed their attitude to the LHC project.Note that scientists very wary about the new particle, avoiding loud statements.The fact that it was discovered the Higgs boson, one in plain text does not say.It is pointed out that the new particle is very similar to the expected boson, but for final conclusions more research is needed.
What is the "Higgs boson"?The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics, with which now explains all the properties of the material, based on the four fundamental laws.Absolutely everything in nature is subject to four types of interactions - strong, weak, electromagnetic and gravitational.Some particles-carriers were discovered and proven.Thus, the strong interaction is carried out by gluons;responsible for the weak bosons Z and W;and gamma rays involved in transferring electromagnetic radiation.For gravity, in turn, are responsible ephemeral gravitons (perhaps they will soon be found).On the basis of calculations that in the early universe, which appeared immediately after the Big Bang, all the particles had no mass, and the electroweak interaction was symmetrical.However, observations show that this does not exist - each particle (except gluons and photons), has a certain mass of rest.The apparent contradiction between practice and theory.
to match the theoretical calculations, it has been hypothesized the existence of yet another fundamental element, a particle known as the Higgs boson, or God.Thanks to its influence, the majority of elementary particles is now assumed to be registered, the rest mass.It is believed that the Higgs boson generates around itself a kind of field effect on other particles.Higgs field permeates the entire universe, particle slowing down and giving them a lot.It can be represented as a thick gel in which the particles are converted part of its energy to the mass.By the way, its name was due to the Higgs Peter Higgs, who is the "father" of the hypothesis of the boson.
need only register a given particle - and a standard model will be fully demonstrated.However, the difficulty lies in the fact that the mathematical calculations do not give any precise information about the mass of the boson, or his energy.In other words, in experiments with high-energy particle physicists have to cover a huge range of possible values (10 - 1000 GeV).In addition, based on the theoretical properties of the Higgs, it exists billionth of a second, almost instantly decaying into lighter components of the particle.Therefore God particle can be detected only indirectly - on balances.In the LHC, two particles are accelerated to speeds close to 300 thousand km / s, and experienced.At the same time it was recorded phenomena characteristic of the Higgs boson.But it will take some more refinement of experiments before we can draw final conclusions.
