Egypt - the cradle of civilization.One of the most ancient cities in the world have arisen in the territory of that State.However, not everyone knows which one - 1 capital of the Egyptian kingdom.And it is not that they are weak in history.Just in its history in Egypt, there are several different kingdoms, which were at enmity between themselves.Therefore this question, some say, "the first capital of the kingdom was the Egyptian city of Thebes."Others say that it is - Nekhen (the capital of Upper Egypt), and others - Per-Wadjet (the capital of Lower Egypt).In our story we will focus on the united capital of the kingdom of Egypt.
New Town
According to reliable sources, the first capital of the kingdom was the Egyptian city of Memphis.The history of this city is very exciting and is somewhere in the XXX-XXVIII centuries BC.e, t. e. to the third millennium before Christ.Its founder is a famous ruler of the kingdom of Upper Menes, or as it is otherwise called, Mina.Around the city by order of the king were built white walls, and it was rare for Egyptian cities.Therefore, the capital was called Inbu Hedge, t. E. The "white wall".Memphis became the central city of the Egyptian kingdom, united two hostile states - Upper and Lower Egypt.As already mentioned, Menes was the king of the Upper Kingdom.Having won over the lower ones, he joined them and declared himself ruler of both.This Menes crowned double crown, which was decorated with symbols of both countries - the image of the sacred snake (a symbol of Lower Egypt) and the crown of unusual shape - a relic of the Upper Kingdom.His next step was the decision to establish a new capital, which was located at the intersection of the two kingdoms.However, the boundary between them is the Nile, or rather, one of his arms.Then the king commanded to dig a new direction for this influx, and to build a dam to divert water.In liberated from her territory and built a new city.In short, the king became the founder of the Ming is not only the ancient Egyptian state, but also its administrative center.Since then the first capital of the Egyptian kingdom is the city of Memphis.
several titles Memphis
name "Memphis" is of Greek origin.When Pharaoh Pepi (Piopi) I was in the city built a huge temple complex, called Maine Pepi Nefer (with Egyptian translates as "strong and beautiful as Pepi"), or Mennefer - this was the title and the name of Memphis.The city had another name - Het-ka-Ptah, t. E., "The abode of the soul of Ptah."It comes from the name of the deity - patron saint of the city.He was considered the father of the world, and in his honor in the city of Ptah temple was built.The ruins of the buildings are still considered landmarks of the edges.
there another name for the city of Memphis - "Mehattaui."It translates as "the scales of both lands."Probably it meant that the city became the capital, counterbalanced the power of both kingdoms.By the end of XXIII century BC.e.the first capital of the kingdom of Egypt was Memphis.However, after this century, the country was divided into a plurality of polynomials.Each of them wanted to have its own administrative center.Thus, new capital of the Egyptian kingdom.However, among them, Memphis has always been the capital of the first (main) genome.He was a religious center, there was a necropolis of Apis - the sacred bull.
