For 20 years, the international community is seriously concerned about the situation in the environment.Therefore, it is quite natural in the framework of international law formed a branch of "international environmental law".Intergovernmental organizations have developed a list of legislation to define the beginning of development, nature protection institutions of the results of human activity.So should carefully look into the section of international relations.
Definition and principles of international environmental law
this sector should be regarded as an association norms and principles, compliance with which ensures the preservation of the environment, besides effectively implement methods to improve the state of its legal entities.
Why international environmental law appears so acute and important?The answer may lie in the fact that, since the fifties of the last century, the rapid growth of the industry has led to the global nature of the contamination.In addition, the ever increasing number of multinationals led to the production of a common approach to standards of environmental plan.In this regard it has been developed certain principles of international environmental law.They were:
1. principles of the global - can be opened as follows: - when an environmental issue her decision is the responsibility of the entire international community.And this principle is widely used.Suffice it to recall the agreement on emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere, or struggle with the effects of oil spill in one of the waters.Moreover, this principle is closely linked to the conservation of biological diversity;
2. the principle of universal heritage of natural resources outside the country.It is expressed in the fact that no State has the right to claim the minerals, if they are outside its territory;
3. principles of freedom of study and exploitation of natural resources can be assigned here and the principle of international cooperation in environmental studies;
4. the principle of rationality in the exploitation of natural resources;
5. principle of non-application of the damage as a whole and as a result of military operations in particular, and / or elimination;
6. the principle of accountability for violation of ecology.
These principles are only a specific part of the whole population, including, in particular, and the general principles of international law.
necessary action based on the principles of data sources on which the functioning of the institution.
sources of international environmental law
Common approach to the forms of expression of this right does not exist.Some authors divide them into three categories:
1. a contract not directly related to the rights in question;
2. contract containing specific provisions;
3. contract directly aimed at the international environmental law.
Other allocate customary rules and provisions of international treaties.We are also interested in the basic sources of international environmental law.Differentiate two types: declarations and conventions.The former should include the Declaration of 1972 and the Human Environment, on which all further cooperation.The second group - the Convention on transboundary air pollution over long distances, developed in 1979, the Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, approved in Vienna (Austria) in 1985, and other parts of the regulatory nature.
Thus, today, the international environmental law - is a significant institution aimed at preserving a global balance of nature and save the world's environment for future generations.
