Otto von Bismarck is a prominent German statesman.He was born in 1815 in Shёnhauzene.Otto von Bismarck received a law degree.He was the most reactionary deputy combined Prussian Landtag (1847-1848 gg.), And played for the harsh suppression of any revolutionary action.
Between 1851-1859 Bismarck Prussia represented in the Bundestag (Frankfurt).From 1859 till 1862, the first years, he was sent to Russia as an ambassador, and in 1862-m - France.In the same year King William the I after the constitutional conflict between him and Bismarck Landtag appoints to the position of President of the minister.In this position he defended the rights of royal power and resolve the conflict in its favor.
In 60 years, contrary to the Constitution and the budgetary rights of the Landtag, Otto von Bismarck reformed the army, which seriously increased the Prussian military power.In 1863 he initiated an agreement with the Russian government on joint activities to suppress an uprising in Poland.
Based on Prussian military machine, it carries out the unification of Germany as a result of the Danish (1864), the Austro-Prussian (1866) and the Franco-Prussian (1870-1871) wars.In 1871 he received the post of Chancellor Bismarck Reich.In the same year he was actively assisting in the suppression of France of the Paris Commune.Taking advantage of its very broad rights, Chancellor Otto von Bismarck strongly fortified position in the State of the bourgeois-Junker unit.
In the 70s he spoke out against the Catholic party and the claims of clerical and particularist opposition, supported by Pope Pius IX (Kulturkampf).In 1878 the Iron Chancellor Otto von Bismarck applied solely by the law (against hazardous and harmful intentions) to the socialists and their program.This rule prohibits the operation of the social democratic parties is Diets and the Reichstag.
All the tenure of Chancellor Bismarck had tried unsuccessfully to prevent the unwinding of the flywheel the working of the revolutionary movement.His government is also actively suppressed the national movement in the Polish territories that were part of Germany.One of the countermeasures was the total Germanization of the population.The government of Chancellor in the interests of the big bourgeoisie and the Junkers carried out protectionist policies.
Otto von Bismarck's foreign policy considered the main priority measures to prevent revenge France after its defeat of the Franco-Prussian War.Therefore, he was preparing for a new conflict with the country before she will be able to restore its military power.The French state has lost in the last war is very important in economic terms, Lorraine and Alsace region.
Bismarck greatly feared that the anti-German coalition will be created.Therefore, in 1873 he initiated the signing of the "Union of the Three Emperors" (between Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia).In 1979, Bismarck concluded the Austro-German agreement, and in 1882 - the Triple Alliance (Italy, Germany, Austria-Hungary), which was directed against France.However, the chancellor feared war on two fronts.In 1887 he signed with Russia "a contract of reinsurance."
In the late 80's militarist circles in Germany would start against the Russian Empire, a preventive war, but Bismarck believed that conflict is extremely dangerous for the country.However, the penetration of Germany to the Balkan Peninsula and lobbying there Austro-Hungarian interests, as well as measures against Russian exports spoiled relations between states, which led to a rapprochement between France and Russia.
Chancellor tried to get closer to Britain, but did not realize the depth of the existing contradictions with this country.The intersection of the Anglo-German interests as a result of British colonial expansion led to a deterioration of relations between states.Recent failures in foreign policy and ineffective to counter the revolutionary movement led to the resignation of Bismarck in 1890.He died at his estate in 8 years after that.
