Culture - is a multifaceted concept, because every object or phenomenon has many sides.Therefore, the types of culture is not always easy to identify.For the first time the attempt undertaken by the ancient philosophers.For example, in those days it was decided to allocate so-called "century of culture" - stone, iron, bronze, gold.
Modern science considers typology as something more complex.Types of culture is directly dependent on the time, religion, traditions and way of life of a particular group of people.For example, we can distinguish the ancient "preliterate" cultural activities, as well as those that emerged with the advent of writing, education and knowledge.
social types Culture
As you know, society is diverse and consists of several categories of the population.This makes it possible to identify the main types of social culture.
Popular culture - this is a species that is used for the most part of society.This - the so-called culture of everyday life.By the way, the first time such a thing has appeared in history around the end of the nineteenth century, when started to form so-called middle class population.Today it is believed that it is through popular culture is formed not only a certain social stratum, but also a way of life and ideology of the people.At the time of such famous philosophers as Nietzsche and Schopenhauer claimed that the average weight is not available understanding of the so-called higher culture.
elite culture - it is an original alternative to the previous type.It is designed only for a limited number of members of the public, the so-called elite.Only the top minds can understand and feel the culture.
Regional types of culture
culture depends on regional factors.After all, every country, every nation has its own history and traditions, which had an enormous influence in shaping contemporary culture.Depending on the area decided to allocate:
- Eastern culture - here is the culture of the population of Central and South-East Asia as well as North Africa and the Middle East.It's no secret that the power in eastern countries historically wore despotic and in some extent sacred character.Ruler obeyed without question, regarding it as a living deity.This is displayed on the development of culture.
- Western culture - considered the most outstanding representatives of the countries of Europe and America.In these areas, the formation of the republic and the government began to seek a few centuries ago.Such a culture - freer.
types of organizational culture
Today there are lots of cultural classifications, which are based on regional and historical features of the development of religion.But certain types of culture can be identified in populations of more limited - for example, in institutions.
- Clan organizational culture - in this case, the organization is like a big family, in which the heads are seen as teachers, educators, and even relatives.Staff provided long-term cooperation and relations between people are held on trust, loyalty and responsibility.
- hierarchical culture - in such an organization between the working staff observed very clear hierarchical relationships that are defined by official regulations, policies and procedures.This is a very conservative place where observed a clear, established order of work.
- Adhokraticheskaya culture - this form is determined by the tendency of people to take risks and innovate.In such an organization are constantly conducted experiments that can lead to both success and failure.
types of corporate culture
This classification has spread in the West, where the company's share, depending on the nature of the work.
- «baseball team" - these companies operate in markets that are growing rapidly.Therefore, every employee should possess qualities such as activity, creativity and initiative.It is important to make the right decisions quickly and to open new paths to development.
- «Club" - such a culture is more characteristic of stable companies where teamwork is encouraged.This arrangement makes it possible to slow but steady career.
