Scientists believe that the formation of the solar system began about five billion years ago.According to the generally accepted theory of the existing Earth and its surrounding planets were formed from the Sun is located in the vicinity of cosmic dust.According to the assumptions, the dust particles were composed of nickel and iron atoms, and silicates.They were subjected to condensation and dust present near the gases that formed the organic carbon compound.Later there nitrogenous compounds and hydrocarbons.
structure of the solar system: the hypothesis
known hypothesis of occurrence of our solar system is the electromagnetic theory, which is based on the assumption of scientists that the sun once had an intense magnetic field and ambient light nebula consisting of neutral atoms charged.As a result of radiation and collisions occur ionization particles that fall into the trap of the magnetic lines of force, and went behind the star.Many years later, the sun began to lose its angular momentum, passing it the gas cloud from which the planets began to form.
However, this theory is unlikely.Essentially, light atoms are ionized substances were closer to the sun, and heavy metals - on.And the result would be that the nearest star to the planet would have to be composed of the lightest chemical elements - hydrogen and helium, and remote - of nickel and iron.However, today we can see the opposite picture.
To get rid of contradictions, has created a new hypothesis, indicating that the beginning of the birth of the sun in the depths of the nebula.Of it is rotating very quickly, and the nebula is gradually becoming more flat, not yet turned into a disk.After some time, he has gained acceleration, and the Sun - on the contrary, slowed down.After that, the disk began to occur processes that result in the formation of the solar system began.
known hypotheses of origin of planets is the theory of the emergence of the solar system from the cold gas and dust clouds surrounding the sun.
structure of the solar system: planets
Today it is considered that the Solar System consists of the Sun and stars eight planets.According to the physical characteristics of celestial objects can be grouped into two types.One group includes the Earth and planets, have similarities with her - Mars, Venus, Mercury.The second includes such giant planets of the Solar System, Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter.
Separation of planets is done by three characteristics: mass, density and size.The average density of planets belonging to the terrestrial, five times more than the same figure of the giant planets.The structure of the solar system indicates that the next to the sun terrestrial objects are composed of oxides, and the heavy compounds of the chemical elements: aluminum, magnesium, iron, silicon, and non-metals.Low density giants due to their structure.They are in a liquid or gaseous form and have a bulk hydrogen or helium.
However, the structure of the solar system shows that any of the giant planets by mass exceeds all combined terrestrial celestial objects.All Giants are extended powerful atmosphere consisting of molecular hydrogen, and containing ammonia, methane, helium, and water.Other substances are no more than one percent of their weight.His composition of giant planets similar to other stars in the first place - the sun.
atmospheric hydrogen can pass from the gaseous form of a liquid, or even solid.Compression giants due to the rapidity of their rotation around the axis.
giant planets have many moons: Jupiter of more than 60, Uranus - 27 Saturn - 62 Neptune - 13, as well as orbital ring consisting, by assumption, scientists from the material of destroyed satellites.
For the giant planets is a relatively small space object - Pluto.It opened in 1930 and still not well understood.Until 2006 it was believed that our solar system has nine planets, and Pluto was the last of them.At the same time, he added a dwarf planet.
