In modern psychology ostracism - a neglect or rejection of human associates.In general, such a definition already adequately reflects the essence of the phenomenon.Today, ostracism - it is a broad concept that can be applied to the whole range of social relations.Wherever there is a relationship between people, there in any way, and ignoring or expulsion of individuals.Thus, stigma - is what turns a man into a public pariah, outcast.However, this concept has roots that can be traced quite clearly.
Antique ostracism
values of many of the terms have come into the modern European languages from ancient Greek.Ancient city-state gave the modern world a lot of political ideas and concepts.This area is the original and ostracism.This concept is at the dawn of its existence, as applied to the purely political sphere and an instrument to preserve democratic government in the policy.Traditionally, a number of city-states had a nation-wide management system, when the most important issues in the life of the city were solved by national meeting of its citizens (excluding women, slaves and foreigners) - eklessiey.The same National Assembly elects a kind of provisional institutions of government.This procedure is a preventive tool to avoid the usurpation of power by any citizen or group of people.Ostracize any citizen could, popularity or political power that threatens the democratic principle of the policy.It carries out the procedure in January of each year.Chairmen of the Council of Five Hundred (a kind of parliament) are regularly put to the public the need for exclusion.If the decision is approved, the procedure is carried out in the spring of the same year.At some appointed day each of the eligible citizens brought with him a shard (hence the name), which was written the name of a man who, in his view, is a threat and which should be expelled.The vote was secret.Every citizen came into the prepared protection from prying eyes space with a shard, clutched in his hand, and put it in a special box.At the end of the day I shall count the votes.Anyone whose name is frequently mentioned in the inscriptions, had ten days to settle all their affairs in the policy and leave it.Exile continued, as a rule, ten years, although the deadline could be changed, depending on how severe the threat presented by this man.It was believed that during this period an influential person will lose his popularity, and on his return will no longer threaten the democratic foundations of the city.However, the exiles are not deprived of any rights of citizenship, or a plot of land (which is sure to have every member of the community), no property.Exile they are usually carried out in other city-Peninsula, being where non-citizens - metics.Returning to his hometown, they restored all the rights and receive back the property.
