Socialist realism is a creative method used in art and literature.This method is considered the aesthetic expression of a particular concept.This concept was connected with the period of the struggle to build a socialist society.
This creative method was considered the main artistic direction in the USSR.Realism in Russia declared the faithful representation of reality into the background of her revolutionary development.
founder of the method in the literature is considered Gorky.It was he who in 1934, at the First Congress of Soviet Writers defined socialist realism as a form of asserting the existence of an act and work, the aim of which is in continuous development of the most valuable abilities of the individual to ensure his victory over the forces of nature for human longevity and health.
Realism, a philosophy which is reflected in the Soviet literature, was built according to certain ideological principles.According to the concept, artists had to follow the categorical program.Socialist realism was based on the glorification of the Soviet system of labor enthusiasm and the revolutionary people and opposition leaders.
This creative method requires all cultural figures of each sphere of art.This put the work in a fairly rigid framework.
However, some artists of the USSR created a unique and colorful works, possessing universal value.Only recently it was recognized by virtue of a number of artists socialist realists (Plastov, for example, wrote scenes from rural life).
Literature at that time is a tool of party ideology.Himself a writer considered as "engineers of human souls."With his talent, he had to have an impact on the reader, be a promoter of ideas.The main task of the writer's upbringing was a reader in the spirit of the Party and keeping them together with the struggle for the building of communism.Subjective aspirations and actions of the characters' personalities of all works of socialist realism brought into line with the objective historical events.
At the center of any work should necessarily be only a goodie.He was a communist ideal, an example for the entire socialist society.In addition, the hero was a progressive man, he was a stranger to human doubts.
Talking about what art should own people, that it is the feelings and thoughts of the masses requirements should be based art business, Lenin specified that literature should be a party.Lenin believed that this direction of art - an element of the common cause, a great part of the mechanism.
Gorky argued that the main task of socialist realism consists in raising the revolutionary view of what is happening according to the perception of the world.
to ensure strict adherence to the method of creating paintings writing prose and poetry, and so it was necessary to subdue the exposure of capitalist crimes.In addition, each product had to praise socialism, inspiring viewers and readers to the revolutionary struggle.
method of socialist realism completely covered all areas of artistic work: architecture, music, sculpture and painting, cinema and literature, drama.This method claimed a number of principles.
first principle - People - manifested in the fact that the characters in the works had to be sure to come from the people.First of all, it is the workers and peasants.
works were to include a description of the heroic deeds of the revolutionary struggle, building a bright future.
Another principle is the concrete.It is expressed in the fact that reality is a process of historical development are consistent with the doctrine of materialism.
