term "chauvinism" emerged in the mid-19th century in France.The word is derived from the name of an old soldier of Napoleon's Guard, semi-legendary personality - Nicolas Chauvin de Rochefort, who became a hero not a vaudeville.Chauvin, as they say some historians, a young man went to serve in the imperial army, he was wounded seventeen times and amassed a lifetime of special wealth.However, it is up to the end of his days idolized Napoleon and did not hesitate to express it aloud ingenuously than and gained popularity and ridicule not only the military but also the civilian population.Old soldiers Chauvin was so patriotic that instead of sheets Stela imperial tricolor flag and slept on it.
is the history of the term.However, there is still no clear opinion that such chauvinism - the wording is too vague.Some say it's extreme nationalism, others - aggressive misanthropic ideology, and others - a kind of racism.However, the analogy is not quite correct nationalism.First, you must understand what chauvinism, what purpose does it serve?
As historians believe, chauvinism - is not an ideology, because there is no any clear ordering, rigid systems, the specific means to achieve goals and claims to scientific value.Chauvinism - it is an emotional component that characterizes the atmosphere of intolerance in society, as opposed to nationalism.The roots of the emergence of these two ideological currents are also different: the latter, as a rule, arises from the oppressed nations and manifests itself in compliance with the requirements of national interests, in an effort to develop its people, that is, it carries a positive connotation.Chauvinism is the prerogative of the ruling nation and manifests itself in contempt for all other nations, in an effort to suppress or even physical destruction of small assimilation.
particularly dangerous chauvinism when it became the official policy of the state, that is supported by and justified legally.More recently, in the 30-40-ies, humanity has witnessed that brought a political system based on an extreme form of chauvinism - Nazism.In our country, the term has become well known for the Social Democrats, who vigorously fought against chauvinism and built a new International Community.
So, we understand that this chauvinism in nation-wide scale.However, the word is used, and to determine the social stereotypes.For example, there are male and female chauvinism - two varieties of sexism.Each of them is characterized by what is going on gender discrimination, the opposite sex is declared nothing on capable and all my fault, right of it - or even non-existent minor.Probably, it is not necessary to explain what the male chauvinism.Throughout history, many cultures dominance of the stronger sex in all areas of life was considered the norm, but the emergence of feminism and women striving for equality initiated criticism of this state of affairs.Male chauvinism is less common and milder forms due to the physiology and characteristics of character - on the verbal level.
