Without power lines is unthinkable technocratic landscape.This web of humanity braided world.LEP - is one of the elements of the electrical systems of power transmission through the current.By way of transportation distinguish cable and overhead lines.The first hidden from the human eye, the second we see every day, from the comfort of home.In the context of a dynamic civil and industrial construction systems, the number of power lines is increasing annually.Increased and requirements in relation to bandwidth and security, because the load on the interconnection components increased.Transmission is also used for the transmission of information using high-frequency signals.In the former USSR used 60 channels of RF and fiber optic links.
construction of power lines - complex engineering problems, including the following processes: design, installation, commissioning and maintenance.Power lines are distinguished by the nature of the current: fixed and variable.By appointment: distribution, trunk, ultra-long (usually high-voltage lines) and consumer (below 20 kW).Voltage: low, medium, high, ultra-high and ultra-high.The most high-voltage power line is a line Ekibastuz - Kokshetau (1150 kW).By mode of functioning of neutrals: isolated, compensated, effectively-earthed, solidly earthed.In transmission modes of operation: normal, emergency or mounting.
first experiment to build power transmission lines has been carried out in the XIX century.Russian engineer Feodor Pirotsky in 1874 used the railroad tracks to transfer power to a distance.According to one current rail was to one side, on the second - back.The experiment had a positive result, and a few years went from the car.But a few pedestrians getting an electric shock, and the project was closed.Incidentally, the experiment has not been in vain - today's Metro operates on this principle.
In those years, scientists around the world have been busy developing various methods of transmitting power over long distances.The most productive system proposed and created a Russian inventor Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky.In 1891, under his leadership it was built the first line of the three-phase current at a distance of 170 kilometers.Energy losses have decreased by a quarter.On the International Electrotechnical Exhibition in Germany, scientists around the world have recognized that the problem is solved.In St. Petersburg, it opened Electrotechnical Institute, which developed the system of electrification of Russia and trained specialists.
Initially, Russia was not its industrial base for the country's electrification - wires were brought from abroad, and supports made of improvised material - wood.During the First World War, Revolution and the civil war construction of transmission lines has been suspended.And since 1923, students Michael Dolivo-Dobrovolsky, remaining in Russia, continued the work of his teacher.
