Manifesto 1961 forever abolished serfdom in the Russian Empire.What has changed for the common people, this reform?First, the last fortress, the former property of the landowner, almost a thing took on personal freedom.Second, he received the right to dispose of their property on their own.As has always been the most important for the farmer?Of course, the land that feeds and allows you to live by their work.
Each peasant received from the landlord put in use, that paying barshchina or dues, in fact, a little different from the previous obligations.Thus, the life of the people with the acquisition of freedom has not changed much.Often the temporarily peasant received an even smaller portion than the processed so far.In addition, the best lands were the landlords, the people also received the poorest, stony and inconvenient location of the site.
reform assumed that the temporarily peasants will become the owner of its allotment.For this he had to pay the landlord the cost of the estate and field plots of land, with the highly inflated.It turned out that he pays the same time and their personal freedom.The government immediately give money to the landlords, and the common people had for 49 years to pay him the full amount and in excess of 6% per year for the use of the loan.
landlord due to the reform seem to be losing their property - serfs, but he sold the poorest sections of its territory for a high price, which more than compensated for his losses.Those who did not buy the land, pay for its use dues or worked in the former owner.
temporarily obligated peasants was called "owner" of a plot of land immediately after the redemption transaction concluded.However, its full owner, he became only after payment of all debts.We can say that only at that moment he ceased to be a fortress and became a free man as totally dependent on the land, which remained in the hands of landlords.
assumed that for 20 years, every farmer the temporarily give the landlord money for their allotment.However, the exact dates have not been set, so many were in no hurry to take a loan, continuing barshchina or dues paid to the owner for the use of the land.By 1870 repurchased plots was only about half.Over the next eleven years, their number has increased to 85%.It was then that there was a cancellation of the temporarily state peasants.1881 was the year when a law was passed on the mandatory redemption of the land plot for the next two years.Anyone who is not made during this time the redemption transaction, lost his place.Thus, finally, this category of people disappeared by 1883.
Manifesto of 1861 gave farmers the freedom unconditionally, but the payments for a loan from the state led to the fact that in the early 20th century, about 40% of them were actually semi-feudal, continuing to work for the landlords to pay the debt.State for a period that lasted temporarily obligated status of peasants, only transactions with land plots a profit of about 700 million rubles.
