Theory of Raskolnikov, his plan to restore the humiliation of a person through a "fair" distribution of wealth, was born in an atmosphere typical of that period.On the one hand - honest, decent people, turned into extreme poverty "loathsome creature" on the other - a useless but very rich "louse" sucking the blood of the most honest people.Yes, and a new, unformed until the end, often deprived of the foundations of moral and spiritual ideas pour oil on the fire.
To emphasize the truth of (apparent) Raskolnikov, Dostoevsky deliberately diffuses throughout the novel picture of sorrow, poverty, thereby enhancing the painful feeling of hopelessness.The last straw that overflowed the cup and led to the theory of Raskolnikov stage abstract reflection moved into the implementation stage, was the confession Marmeladova and a letter from his mother.The time has come to materialize the idea, long nurtured a hero in his squalid closet: is the blood of conscience, who are elected by parties (and including it) is allowed to spill.
theory Raskolnikov was at the same time, depending in contradiction with the then popular positivist theories of Herbert Spencer, John Stuart Mill, Chernyshevsky.They all relied on the economic benefits and material comforts, prosperity.
Dostoevsky believed that the mind is constantly filled with such categories, losing the need for the Christian virtues in high spirituality.His hero is trying to connect the two sides.He dreamed that a man and self-centeredness manifested within reasonable limits, and that it does not become a slave of modern economic relations, not too immersed in their physiological needs.
theory Raskolnikov realized in practice, he has opened himself to the hero paradoxical neighborhood in his heart of love for people and contempt for them.He considers himself the chosen one, who has the right (and even should) kill to bestow benefits not only themselves but also the whole of humanity.And here he suddenly realizes that it attracts and the power for the sake of power, the desire to dominate others.
to somehow justify their hard-won ideas, Raskolnikov gives the example of some lawmakers who do not stop even blood.However, their actions do not seem meaningful, and salutary, on the contrary, they hit the wanton destruction for the sake of better.This train of thought Rodion not ennoble his ideas as he wanted it, but only exposes them and leads to the same assessment, which gave everything going Porfiry Petrovitch.He identified the offender as an individual who worships himself, compromising the identity of other people, and infringes on their lives.
absurd theory of Raskolnikov, and its collapse is seen Dostoevsky natural event.He showed how the nebula saving power and blessing of the new idea, its uncertainty can serve as a kind of psychological veil that can lull even the conscience of man, to destroy, to blur the boundaries between the concepts of good and evil.
Raskolnikov's theory and its collapse has historical side.It shows how much can be ambiguous or that historic innovation, as prudence and good manners can be inversely proportional to the law of "I".
spiritual revival of the protagonist the author does not describe in detail as well as his mental ordeal, however, outlines the contours.Raskolnikov gradually realizes the essence of the idea, its fatal and its real meaning.He felt a strong remorse and ready to repent, now ready to be guided in their lives just precepts of the Gospel.According to Dostoevsky, to restore a hero human form is only capable of sacrifice, giving love, not abstract, for all mankind, and specifically, to a particular neighbor.For Raskolnikov's salvation is so compassionate love between him and Sonia Marmeladova.
