Creating a system proven accurate knowledge based on facts that can be confirmed or, on the contrary, deny, is the main task of every science.In biology, as: the findings are constantly challenged and allowed only if they have substantial confirmation.
Today this science considers all living systems.In order to examine in detail the organization and activities of their origin, distribution, and the development and communication with each other, with the aim of learning and selection of certain laws, the following research methods in biology:
1. Comparative - allows you to learn by comparisonSimilarities and differences of living organisms and their parts.The data make it possible to combine in a group of plants and animals.This method is used to create the cell theory, systematics, and to confirm the theory of evolution.Currently, it is used in virtually all areas of the science.
2. Descriptive Methods in Biology (monitoring, statistics) - allow you to analyze and describe the phenomena occurring in nature, comparing them, finding certain patterns, and generalize, to discover new types, classes, and so on.These methods began to be used even in antiquity, but to date have not lost their relevance and are widely used in botany, ethology, zoology, and so on. D.
3. History - gives the opportunity to identify patterns of education and the development of living systems, their structures and functions, compare them with the known facts.This method was used for the construction of Charles Darwin to his theory, and helped transform biology from a descriptive science to explain.
4. Experimental Methods in Biology:
a) Simulation - allows you to study a process or phenomenon, as well as the direction of evolution by recreating them in the form of the model by means of modern technologies and equipment;
b) experiment (experience) - artificial creation in a controlled environment situation, which helps to reveal deeply hidden properties of living objects.This method facilitates the study of phenomena in isolation, making it possible to achieve results in repeat playback of these same phenomena under the same conditions.
experimental methods in biology are not only for experiments and answers to their questions, but also to determine whether formulated at the beginning of the study material hypothesis, as well as to correct it in the process.
In the twentieth century, these methods are leading research in this science due to the emergence of modern equipment for the experiments, such as, for example, tomography, electron microscope and other.
Currently in experimental biology are widely used biochemical techniques, X-ray analysis, chromatography, and the technique of ultrathin sections, different ways of cultivation, and many others.
experimental techniques combined with a systematic approach expanded the cognitive capabilities of biological science and discovered new ways to apply the knowledge in almost all spheres of human activity.
listed research methods in biology do not exhaust the entire arsenal of methods of learning in science, so in between it is impossible for a strict limit.Used in conjunction with each other, they make it possible to discover new phenomena and properties in living systems in a short period of time, as well as to establish patterns of their origin, development and functioning.
