hypersonic missile Kh-90 - a new Russian super-weapon in response to Washington's missile defense program.Appearance and specifications missiles understandably were a military secret.According to some sources, such missiles were to be taken into service by 2010.
Russian President said that hypersonic missile X-90 "Koala" is able to overcome any of the known missile accurately hit targets and on his continent and other continents.
story of rocket
global missile project was created in the Soviet Union back in the sixties.The idea consisted in removing warheads beyond the atmosphere into orbit that she's turned into a man-made satellite, and after the braking engine was sent to the supplied for the purpose of destruction.
In 1971, having the draft prepared by small strategic cruise missiles, Soviet designers turned to the government to implement this project.In fact, the response was no.But from the beginning of the development of strategic cruise missiles in 1975 by the United States since 1971, forgotten designers received the order to begin the project in 1976 and complete it in 1982.By the end of 1983 it has planned to take "the newly made" rocket into service.Requirements for the rocket were the highest.And one of the most important is to achieve its supersonic speed.In the eighties, the rate had reached four Makhov.
In MAKS-1997 in Hall NGO "Rainbow" (this organization was developing missiles) Visitors already can see hypersonic aircraft SFA, which became the prototype of the future of a new cruise missile.
For those who want to understand what it looks like missile Kh-90, photo above.
Feature missiles
SFA must carry two warhead capable of at a distance of one hundred kilometers to hit targets on their own.Initially, the length of the rocket is equal to twelve meters.However, later it was reduced to the length of eight to nine meters.After separating from the aircraft carrier rocket disclosed triangular wings with a span of not more than seven meters, and empennage.Thereafter, solid-type accelerator is activated, whereby the missile reaches supersonic velocity.Then begins to act boosters, developed a speed of four to five Makhov.The range of such missiles comes to three thousand five hundred kilometers.
Launcher
Tu-160 is a supersonic strategic missile having a wing with variable sweep.It was developed in the eighties in the Tupolev and is in service since 1987.
originally adopted were going to put a hundred cars, but because of the persistence of Americans insisted that the bombers were included in the contract of Vietnam, I had to stop at thirty-three cars.
After the Soviet Union collapsed, the bombers were divided between the republics.
By 2013, as a part of the Russian Armed Forces of such aircraft, there were sixteen.All of them are based in Engels on the Volga.
"White Swan"
It is the largest and heaviest of supersonic combat aircraft in the world that has the most take-off mass among the bombers.Pilots among themselves lovingly called him "White Swan" because of the graceful and slender form.
But he has other names: "sword blades with twelve", "constraint", "weapons of the nation", "Russian flying miracle."A NATO called him somehow Blackjack.
TU-160M is a modernized Tu-160, which established a new avionics and weapons missiles X-90.It can carry standard armament, for example, 90 OFAB-500U, but carries a maneuvering hypervelocity missile Kh-90.
Each machine has its own name, for example: "Ilya Muromets", "Alexander Molodshy", "Mikhail Gromov," and others.
rocket fuel and the engine to reach hypersonic
hypersound - a rate that is higher than 5-light speeds or five Makhov.For the very short time that speed can reach many missiles with conventional engines for them.But fly at a high speed for a long time is possible only if the missile is provided with a hypersonic ramjet engine.It is also called skramdzhet.
main feature and advantage of this engine is that it does not need to carry with them an oxidant.This engine is used atmospheric oxygen.Fuel for GPRVD basically is hydrogen or kerosene.
develop this engine began in the fifties of the last century.And the first draft of aircraft with such engines appeared in the sixties.Designers develop space system - reusable "Spiral", which consisted of a hypersonic aircraft accelerates and orbital military aircraft having a rocket booster.Hypersonic dispersing plane was supposed to accelerate to Mach six hydrogen fuel and up to four and a half on kerosene.But in the end it was decided to equip the machine turbojet engines.
Hypersonic pryamotochniki began to develop in the seventies, using their devices on the anti-aircraft missiles.
NASP and TU-2000
In 1986, in response to the US program Appolo, NASP project in the USSR, it was decided to establish a domestic equivalent of NASP, reusable single-stage videoconferencing.It approved the draft bomber TU-2000 with the stated starting weight of three hundred and sixty tons, a speed of Mach six, range ten thousand kilometers at an altitude of thirty kilometers.
work was done, but because of the collapse of the Soviet Union, they began to carry slow character.Participants of the project came to an international level and began to cooperate with French designers.However, working together, have shown unsuccessful experiments, was unsuccessful.
At the same time, the project NASP also did not differ much success and closed in the nineties.
However, in reality, neither Russia nor the United States is not going to give up entirely on the hypersonic.
"Security-2004"
In 2004 exercises were held "Security 2004".They were attended by Tu-160 missile weapons called the X-90 "Koala".
That same year, Russian President VladimirPutin said that the Russian Armed Forces will receive in the near future such military complexes that are capable of high-precision with hypersonic speed and great maneuver in moving towards the goal to operate at distances of more than one continent.
Experts suggest that the President in his speech was referring to the missile.
missile called the Kh-90
Russia has decided to showcase their new opportunities America.Such was the response to Washington's missile defense program Kh-90 (which is "Koala").
it runs through the strategic bombers Tu-160M - pride and military might of Russia today.
After separation from the launch vehicle of the Kh-90 at an altitude of seven thousand to twenty thousand meters opens its triangular wings and empennage.Acceleration to supersonic speed going through at this time included solid booster.Then comes the time of the main engine, through which a cruise missile Kh-90 reaches a speed of Mach five.The range of the missile - three and a half thousand kilometers.
Test Kh-90
leadership of our country believes that no State is the owner of hypersonic missiles except Russia.In the US, once abandoned their development, limiting subsonic missiles.But in Russia such work continued, though there have been a variety of temporary interruptions.In 2001, it reported the launch of "Topol".Experts noted that its warhead differed unusual behavior.During the commemorative exercises in 2004 it was launched two ballistic missiles "Topol-M" and the PC-18.Then we say that the missile system was released experimental apparatus, which came after the launch into space, and then returned to the atmosphere.It seemed impossible, because the atmospheric entry velocity of the rocket was five thousand meters per second, or about eighteen thousand kilometers per hour, and military head had to have special protection from overheating and overloading.This machine had a speed other than that, could easily change the direction of flight and not destroyed.Experts agree that it was the X-90 - a strategic cruise missile, the appearance of which remains a mystery.
unique device was the fact that the RS-18, there was a device that changed the height and direction of flight.Thus, any missile defense, including the US, they can be overcome.
Strategic Missile Forces
Russian Strategic Rocket Forces include three missile armies and sixteen missile divisions.As part of their weapons is seven hundred thirty-five ballistic missiles have 3159 nuclear warheads, including "Voivod" silo-based "done" with 360 warheads, mobile "Topol", "Topol-M" and others.
According to experts, even if a small part will be equipped with cruise missiles, missile forces for a long time will be second to none and unreachable for any missile defense.Furthermore, according to Russian experts, there are other programs, such as "cold" and "Eagle", in addition to the development of hypersonic warheads.
attacks senseless and dangerous
Due to its characteristics, the X-90 rocket "Koala" and other modern military developments have made the American missile defense useless.Therefore, the United States began to place near the borders of Russian radar systems for the detection and destruction of these missiles as soon as there was a start and did not have time to separate the warhead.
But in this direction Russia has a number of countermeasures, known and secret.If the X-90 rocket "Koala" will separate the warhead, it becomes completely invulnerable.
disarmament possible?
In the Soviet Union, when in full swing the arms race between the two superpowers, attempts to go a different way.Signs the treaty ratified, but the arms race went on and on, and at the time of strained relations between the USSR and the United States froze the whole world and praying for their discharge.
In the eighties to power in the Soviet Union came to MSGorbachev, who actually stopped this probably meaningless arms race.Sadly, at the cost of the termination it was the collapse of the country, the head of which he stood.According to the signed their contracts in the USSR liquidated a huge number of weapons.The United States also had the obligation to eliminate their weapons, but a result of the treaties of the USSR almost lost its superpower status, and soon collapsed and the US became the sole superpower of the world, without losing its military capabilities.
Soviet development of weapons, including cruise missiles, folded by innovations were destroyed, and production was reduced or even stopped completely.
However, all of that chaos, which repaired the US and its allies in the world, has already finished with the Soviet Union, leading to the belief that if a mutual disarmament should happen in the future, it should be truly mutual andadequate.
But until society has come to this stage of development, and the state has an external threat, it must always be ready to repel any attack.
