Ticket Bank of Russia - the official means of payment used on the entire territory of the Russian Federation.The right to issue bank notes of the Central Bank has only.They are protected from tampering by special signs of authenticity, which are used in the implementation of modern technical solutions.
unit of solvency, which have notes Russia is the Russian ruble as the national currency.Each note has a face value corresponding to one of the fixed.Such determines the solvency of banknotes denominated in Russian rubles.
history
Paper money appeared in Russia in 1769.They were called banknotes and is an obligation according to which the bearer could get the coin in the bank to the appropriate nominal amount.The first series was very poorly protected against counterfeiting - fakes were produced on an industrial scale, which led to a devaluation.The main means of payment continued to be the coin: their value was significantly higher, as well as their credibility with the population.
In 1818, Russia began to be produced banknotes of a new sample.It was the same banknotes, but their quality was much higher, as well as security.The paper was far more dense, there were watermarks.To further improve the banknotes were attracted a lot of specialists.
Influence of the Civil War had a negative: the release of forgeries added mass production of "money substitutes", which was carried out by local authorities as remote regions, and captured by the White Guards.The problem was solved issue "ducats," which began in 1922.New banknotes were gold and commodity support, so their ability to pay would remain stable (ceased depreciation).
After the collapse of the Soviet Union
After the Soviet collapse in circulation remaining tickets of the State Bank, while their production continued Bank of Russia.In 1993 there was a monetary reform: the tickets of the State Bank were recognized as insolvent, been replaced by a first series of tickets of the Bank of Russia.The second series was released after those years: the appearance of banknotes has undergone some changes.
In 1995 he was again released a new series of banknotes.They looked just like modern Russian banknotes.The main difference between the two is nominal: Series 1995, he was a thousand times higher than the currently used.
After 1998
essence of another monetary reform carried out in 1998, was in the denomination.That is - to change the denomination, followed by their gradual but complete replacement.Russia issued new notes.Their appearance is almost entirely consistent with the appearance of banknotes of 1995.Change only the numbers and relief elements, indicate the denomination.
old bill, which had a face value of 1,000 rubles, only exchanged for a new coin, the dignity which is 1 ruble.5-ruble notes, which replaced the old five-thousandth differed somewhat smaller.Because of the strong circulation rapidly losing its properties, which is why its release was soon discontinued.The course was only its metal equivalent - 5-ruble coin.
Modifications
Despite the very high quality and security, Russia continued banknotes needs to be modified.Those were not long in coming: out new series of banknotes.First of all updates regarding protection against counterfeiting: the increasing possibility of counterfeiters led to fake bills, difficult to distinguish from genuine ones.
In addition, an appeal was gradually introduced two completely new banknotes.Their dignity - 1,000 rubles and 5,000 rubles respectively.All the latest protection measures "run" on them, then adding to the new series of banknotes smaller advantages.For some time there were rumors that prepares the release of banknotes in denomination of 10,000 Russian such dignity was to be the result of the latest developments in the field of protection of banknotes.The new "ten-thousandth" has not yet been released, but continues to actively improving the "thousandths" and "five thousandth."
Signs of Authenticity (protections)
banknotes Russia, in use today, reserved a significant amount of the special features of the authenticity.To forge such notes is extremely difficult: require special expensive equipment, materials and certain knowledge.Therefore, the creation of small parties fakes - neokupaemo and establish large-scale production is not possible, because it will be easy to detect.Identifying poor quality fakes is not a difficult task: the visible signs of authenticity given special attention, so that such can recognize and ordinary citizens who do not have special equipment.
authenticity features themselves are divided into several groups.Some are visible to the naked eye at a certain angle, while others are found in transmission.Some can only be identified in the visible electromagnetic radiation of a certain range.
Tangible Signs of authenticity of this group are recognized when touched.The first of those - the quality of paper.Low-quality counterfeit recognized immediately: it is perceived quite differently fingers.Furthermore, on banknotes present raised elements designed to determine their denomination people with impaired vision.The inscription "TICKET BANK OF RUSSIA" on the front side also has a perceptible relief to the touch.
In addition, the manufacture of new banknotes series uses a wide protective strip that extends to the surface in some places.Those perceived completely smooth.On the banknotes in denominations of 500, 1,000 and 5,000 rubles exit area on the surface of the band is considerably larger and is in the form of a narrow window ("stained glass window").
Visible
visible signs of authenticity given special attention.These bills the Bank of Russia have a number of elements that can be detected by the naked eye.Some of them are visible from any angle.These include a digital denomination, located in the lower left corner of the front side.It is made of special silver paint.By
visible signs of authenticity and the ability to apply the protective strip to change color, noticeable from almost any angle.Other visible signs of authenticity can be found by examining the bill to the light, or seeing it from a certain angle.
seen against the light
Exploring the bill up to the light, you can find several signs to determine the authenticity or forgery by their absence.The first visible watermarks.They are located on the light fields bills left and right of the main image.One duplicate digital denomination, the other - repeats one of the main elements of the image.A protective strip is seen as a solid opaque line.
This group features true microperforation.Such is applied to all new banknotes with face value of 100 rubles and above.It can detect the right side face of the banknote.In the clearance will be visible figure corresponding to the nominal value and is made of a plurality of small holes.
visible from a certain angle
Signs of identity, seen from a certain angle, moiré patterns are made by optically variable ink elements and hidden images.Moire pattern begins to dim sparkle in different colors by changing the angle of view.Optically variable ink gives a similar effect, but it is brighter and distributed immediately to the entire pixel.These methods are protected denominations of Russia, issued in 2004 and later.
latent image can be found on the ornamental band, if you look at the note lying on a flat surface at eye-level.This is called the Kipp: pattern is formed so that the difference between the hue element is detected only at a predetermined angle.
Detectable hardware
remaining protective elements applied to bills of Russia, can be detected only with special equipment.First of all, these include the security fibers embedded in the paper.They are clearly visible under ultraviolet light, as well as some elements of the image.Present and infrared label, visible in the light of an infrared lamp.
addition to visible within a certain range, a hardware detectable signs include very fine image elements: micro text and some patterns.They can be detected only by means of sufficiently strong magnifying glass.Also, some parts of the surface of banknotes handled by a special compound having magnetic properties.For such labels the authenticity may be established by appropriate hardware.
