history of the invention of steam engines says that the first time they were built by T. Severi, D. Papen, T. Newcomen, Polzunov.Their machines have different designs, but they had one thing in common - the movement of the piston carried by alternately heating and cooling the cylinders.Such technology is not conducive to the fast cars, and fuel consumption is excessive.But let's start from the beginning and tell you all about it.
People used to manufacture water engines until the second half of the XVIII century.But because at that time it was not possible to transfer the power of mechanical movements waterwheels over considerable distances, factories that need it, built on the banks of reservoirs.It was not always convenient, and besides the efficiency of these motors provide not cheap preparatory process.Their capacity has been low, and the work was carried out depending on time of year and was trudnoreguliruemoy.Then there was dire need for a completely new device packs a punch, inexpensive to operate, and easy to manage off.The invention of the steam engine suddenly decided all these questions.
history of the invention of steam engines goes back far into the past.Even in ancient times it was designed piston water pump, the technology that became the basis for the idea of the steam engine.In XVII - XVIII centuries, mankind has found a way to produce mechanical energy by means of steam, the steam making up the pump feeding water into the aquifer, from which it enters to the wheel, causing it to move.It makes work production machinery.It turns out that as the engine is still advocated waterwheel.Much more time was required to create a reliable steam engine - more than two centuries.
In 1698, a military engineer Thomas Seiver came up with the technology on the basis of steam for water pumping and drainage pits, but the story of the invention of steam engines did not end there.Denis Papin in 1674 for the first time managed to build a successful steam engine.At first, he tried to use gunpowder engine, but the experiment did not have much success.Then came to him the idea to replace the powder with water.His steam engine was published in 1698 (the same time as the invention and Seiver).It works by heating water to produce steam in a vertically fixed cylinder, which moves in the piston, which is pushed up.The steam is then cooled and condensed, and the piston under the influence of atmospheric pressure goes down.This technique resulted in the movement of different mechanisms.
familiarized with the construction of Papen, a blacksmith who worked in the mines of the West Country, and understands the importance of the invention are well pumps for mines Thomas Newcomen joined forces with John Culley, a glazier and a plumber, and together they set about improving the model.Their first machine installed in Staffordshire at the mine for the extraction of coal in 1712.This technology has proved so successful that it was used throughout Europe for over 50 years.
In 1775, the story of the invention of steam engines has a new discovery - John Smeaton created a new improved model, which drained Kronstadt dock in just two weeks.Until this required year to perform such work.
II Polzunov, inventor-mechanic from Russia, in the spring of 1763 drafted a steam engine, which was first able to actuate any of the mechanisms and soon gained recognition.
should say that there is another inventor of the steam engine - James Watt.He perfected machine Newcomen since 1763 and finally patented his creation in 1768.Despite this, a long time he could not build a machine on your project, but in 1776 she was ready, and has successfully passed the test.Its effectiveness is twice the capabilities of the device Newcomen.The first universal double-acting steam engine was created by James Watt in 1782.Since Watt's engine could be used on any machine, the creators of self-propelled machinery, without delay, take advantage of this idea.
history of steam engines at the museum depicts Pauerhauz in Sydney, where there is one of the first inventions of Watt.
