concept and essence of local government provide a certain decentralization of power, a certain autonomy of local authorities.The industry itself began to take shape in Russia in the early 90s.Determination of the local (municipal) government stuck first in the Union and then the Russian law.However, it should be noted that the formation of this branch of government to some extent began in Russia before the revolution.
For example, Alexander II sent urban and rural reform on decentralization and territorial development began regulation in the country by introducing the concept of the law said.
Local government after 1917 was based on the principle of unity of the Soviet system as a complex of state authorities.For this system was characterized by a rigid subordination of lower to higher.The concept of local self-government rejected as bourgeois way of formation of local authorities.This road was completely unacceptable to the Soviet state, which had centralized character.Only by the end of the 80s the government recognized the need to use the concept of local self-government.Thus began the reform of the territorial government.
Act, adopted April 9, 1990, the year were assigned the general principles that define the concept of local self-government and the economy of the USSR.Thus it was established the main directions of development of this branch of government, the foundations of the organization and activity.
In 1991 Act was passed, according to which began the process of converting territorial bodies, the formation of the whole system of local government in the country.
structure was further developed in the provisions of the constitution.Thus, it was officially recognized the concept of local self-government.The system received a legal status and the guarantee of law.
In accordance with Article 130 of the Constitution through the structure of local government is provided by the decision of questions of territorial population values, as well as the use, disposition, ownership of municipal property.
This branch operates in rural, urban areas, on the other areas (in the areas of rural districts).All these territorial units are called municipal units.
Today, the local government is a special level of implementation of the power in the country.
Under Article 3 of the Constitution, citizens express their power through state agencies, municipal authorities.In addition, people can implement their will through direct elections, referendums and other forms of direct expression.State and municipal authorities, so are forms of expression of democracy in the country.
Local government characterized as a form of democracy, enshrined in federal law, reflects the general principles of the municipal authorities.In accordance with the law, this branch of government is recognized and guaranteed by the self-employed population to address issues of local significance.In the text of the law contains a reference to the responsibility of the people for their decisions.The will of the citizens can be realized directly or through bodies of territorial (municipal) government.Addressing municipal values thus carried out in accordance with the interests of the people, its historical and other traditions.
This definition combines the most important features that characterize the municipal authority and its position in the whole system of democracy of the country.
