and "Constitution" Muravyov, and "Russian Truth" Pestel considered to be one of the main sources on which you can study the beliefs of the Decembrists.It was officially adopted a document written by the head of the Southern Society.
However, the "Constitution" proposed by Nikita Mikhailovich Muravyov, acquired at the time widely known and reflected the political views of the members of the Northern Society.
Pestel "Russian Truth": the history of creation of the document
main points of "reserved certificates" were presented to the Southern Society and approved by him in 1823.But its full name the document was a year later.PI Pestel worked on his brainchild four years.It was originally intended to write ten chapters, but in the end they were only five: the tribes inhabiting the country, and on the estates, there to dwell on the earth, and the people in both civil and politically.The main ideas of the new Constitution of the Decembrist were borrowed from the philosophers of the Enlightenment.
«Russian Truth" PI Pestel on the national question
Pavel Ivanovich suggested dividing the entire population into three categories:
1) Slavic tribes.
2) Native Russian people.
3) The tribes joined to Russia.
It was suggested, for example, to evict the Gypsies of the country's borders if they do not agree to accept the Orthodox faith.Muslims could save the religion, but to abandon polygamy.The Jews, in the case of continuing hostile attitude to Christians, must be collected and deported to Turkey, followed by the formation of a Jewish state there.
«Russian Truth" PI Pestel on the rights of citizens
All citizens are equal before the law, the responsibility for them to introduce a new trial.Men, since twenty years, gain the right to vote.It provides for freedom of religion, of movement, of assembly, press and speech.It guarantees the inviolability of the home and its owner.
«Russian Truth" PI Pestel on public issue
Pavel Ivanovich strongly advocated for the country to establish a republic.He was confident that after the overthrow of the tsarist regime state will become an indivisible whole.The plan was to divide Russia in the region (TEN), which will be composed of five districts or provinces, who shared, in turn, povets or counties, and the last - in the parish.Nizhny Novgorod, Vladimir supposed to call and move the capital there.And the city of Vladimir, in order to avoid the inevitable confusion, called Klyazminym, as he stands on the river Klyazma.The People's Chamber, consisting of five hundred people, was to have the legislative authority, and Reigning Duma - the executive.Five people make up the latest, five years would be elected by the People's Chamber.Subordinate to the Reigning Duma were to be in all the ministries.
«Russian Truth" PI Pestel about the land issue
primarily intended to abolish serfdom.In respect of arable land Pestel compromised.He ordered that one half of it should go to social needs, and the second - still remain in the hands of the landowners.This land of the owners can rent the farmers to organize large economy and thus bring wage workers.This decision Pestel explained by the fact that the peasants have neither the capital nor the education which are necessary for competent disposal of land.Even so, it would seem, the limitation for the time his project was more than radical.
