The basis of the modern system of education laid the activity approach.But the organization of educational process, taking into account this factor may be difficult for some teachers.Let us dwell on its main provisions.
activity approach in the learning process should be based on the following provisions:
- children need to develop cognitive motive (the desire to learn and learn), as well as specific training target (understanding that it is necessary to learn and find out);
- students must perform certain actions in order to acquire the missing knowledge and skills;
- students should focus on finding and mastering methods of action allowing consciously apply the acquired knowledge;
- schoolchildren should be formed by the ability to control the action not only after, but also in the implementation of educational tasks;
- in the educational process should be the inclusion of the solution of vital and urgent task.
Leontiev activity approach is the basis of developmental education, which was continued in the Davydov.In addition, this doctrine must be the basis of modern teaching kit on any subject.
The fact is that in the process of learning in the first place then there will be not so much the accumulation of skills and knowledge and skills of students in a narrow range, and increasingly becoming every individual, "self-construction" in the educational activity.And the most important is not the child's participation in individual activities, and collectively, together with others.Because the main objectives of the learning process is the formation and the formation of social consciousness and personality of the child.
That is why the activity approach in education should be a key.Its main and basic principle is that the child in the learning process should act as a subject, not an object of manipulation teachers.
is very important to take this into account in primary school, since primary school age the leading type of activity - training activities.And the result of it should be, above all, a change in the student, his personal development.Therefore, the activity approach - it is a unique concept, the application of which is subject to changes in the child, that is a subject that carries out this activity.This concept turns the child to himself, requires mandatory reflection and self-evaluation.
recommendations for teachers, building the educational process on the basis of the activity approach
Firstly, the need to introduce new material available and clearly, telling and showing.
Secondly, it is necessary to organize research activity of children, so that students "think out" themselves to solving the basic problems of the lesson, and learned to explain how to act in specific circumstances.
Third, the learning process must necessarily be creative, contributing to the development of the child.
Fourth, in the educational process is necessary to form a mental action.
Fifth, the teacher is obliged to motivate the students, so that they put their own goals and objectives, and find ways and means of achieving them.Because of this, children will be able to optimally organize their activities.In addition, the teacher must help everyone to form skills of self-control and self-esteem.
Sixth, training should be required to stay ahead of the development of the material to be relevant and necessary.
In general, it is necessary to make the following conclusion.Activity approach should be the basis of any educational process in modern facilities.
