recovered after the Mongol-Tatar yoke Russia is gaining momentum.The desire to get access to the sea caused the first armed conflict between Russia and Sweden, which lasted two years (1656-1658 gg.).Russian troops have penetrated deep into the king of the Baltic States, took Nut, Kantsy and besieged Riga.But the expedition had failed, Swedish forces quickly retaliated.
siege of Riga due to the lack of marine support and coordination was conducted result neeffektivno.V king Alexei Mikhailovich, he concluded a truce with Sweden, under which all captured during the campaign moved to the land of Rus.Three years later, already Kardissky according to the document, Russia was forced to give up their gains.
reforms of Peter I demanded new sea routes.Port of Arkhangelsk could no longer meet the needs of a vast empire.Creating a Northern Union has significantly strengthened the position of Russia.Russian-Swedish war began in 1700.The reorganization of the army, the cause of which was the first defeat at Narva, has borne fruit.By 1704 Russian troops entrenched along the coast of the Gulf of Finland, had taken the fortress of Narva and Dorpat.And in 1703 he founded the new capital of the Russian Empire - Saint-Petersburg.
Swedes attempts to regain lost ground resulted in two notable battles.The first occurred in the village of Forest, where housing Lewenhaupt suffered a crushing defeat.Russian troops seized the entire baggage of the Swedish army and took more than a thousand prisoners.The next battle took place near the city of Poltava, Charles XII's troops were routed, and the king fled to Turkey.
Second Russian-Swedish war was glorious battle not only on land but also at sea.For example, the Baltic Fleet Defeat Gangut in 1714 and in 1720. Grengam Treaty of Nystad, concluded in 1721, completed the Russian-Swedish war of 20 years.According to the agreement, the Russian Empire had Baltic and south-western part of the Karelian Peninsula.
Russian-Swedish War broke out in 1741 because of the increased ambitions of the ruling party hats, calling for the restoration of the former might of the country.Russia were required for the return of land lost during the Northern War.Unsuccessful actions fleet Swedes led to massive epidemics on ships.During the war against disease in the Navy killed about 7500 people.
Low morale in the armed forces led to the surrender of Swedish troops from Helsingfors.Russian army captured the Åland Islands, which in the spring of 1743 were repulsed.Indecision Admiral Golovin led to the fact that the Swedish navy was able to escape from the battle with the Russian squadron.The deplorable situation of the Swedish army led to the conclusion of peace in the city of Turku.According to the agreement, Sweden ceded the border fortresses and river basin Kiumeni.An ill-considered war has cost 40,000 lives and 11 million thaler gold coins.
main cause of conflict has always been access to the sea.Russian-Swedish War of 1700-1721 showed the world the power of Russian weapons, gave the opportunity to start to trade with other Western powers.Access to the sea turned Russia into an empire.Russian-Swedish war of 1741-1743, only confirmed the superiority of our powers over the developed European countries.
